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NSG223 Exam 4 Review

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  • What is a Kernig Sign?
    resistance to leg extension when laying down and lifting leg
  • Which chemotherapy interferes with biosynthesis of metabolites or nucleic acids necessary for RNA and DNA synthesis?
    Antimetabolites
  • What is the goal of adjuvant therapy chemotherapy?
    destroy remaining tumor cells after surgery
  • Define dysphagia.
    Difficulty swallowing
  • At what age is mammography currently recommended for screening for breast cancer for someone without a family history.
    Depends on who you ask. Can start at age 40; 45-54 yearly; 55+ biannual
  • Which eye disorder is caused by increased ocular pressure?
    Glaucoma
  • To be eligible for hospice care, the patient would have a life expectancy of less than or equal to ___.
    6 months
  • Which condition is monitored using the Amsler grid?
    Macular Degeneration
  • What does each letter of BEFAST stand for?
    Balance, Eyes, Facial droop, Arm weakness, Speech, time
  • Define dysarthria.
    Difficulty speaking
  • Define apraxia.
    Inability to perform previously learned action; difficulty word-finding
  • Which chemotherapy induce breaks in DNA strand by binding to topoisomerase, preventing cells from dividing?
    Topoisomerase Inhibitors
  • What is the main symptom that differentiates ischemic stroke vs. hemorrhagic stroke?
    EXTREME headache
  • What is Brudzinski's sign?
    when laying flat, lift neck up and legs go up also
  • Which disorder is characterized by lens opacity?
    Cataracts
  • Which form of meningitis if most contagious?
    Bacterial
  • Define aphasia.
    inability to express oneself or understand language
  • When should thrombolytic therapy occur after ischemic stroke?
    Within 3 hours
  • What are the 5 stages of grief?
    Denial, Anger, Bargaining, Depression, Acceptance
  • Explain the lung cancer screening guidelines.
    Age 55+ with 30 pack/year smoking history; currently smoking or quit within 15 years
  • What is extravasation?
    IV medication/fluid leaks outside the vein
  • What does T1 N1, M0 mean?
    Tumor size, near lymph node spread, no metastasis
  • List ways to prevent cancer.
    Healthy diet/lifestyle/weight; vaccines; screening; no smoking; avoid environmental exposure
  • What type of end-of-life awareness is defined as the family and healthcare workers aware of impending death but not the patient?
    Closed awareness
  • What is stage 2 cancer?
    Cancer has grown but has not spread
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