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NSG123 Exam 3 Review

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  • Your patient came to ER after being unable to void for 8 hours. He has a history of BPH. Are we concerned?
    Yes! Prostate could be obstructing the urethra. Need to attempt to cath (coude). If unable, then may need urology consult.
  • Diastolic heart failure is caused by a stiff and non-compliant heart muscle. True or False
    True
  • Jugular vein distention is a sign of left sided heart failure. True or False
    False; Right sided
  • This type of anemia is caused when the destruction of red blood cells outpaces the bone marrow's production of them.
    Hemolytic
  • What lab can be used to diagnose heart failure?
    BNP
  • What symptoms would we expect a patient to experience with a renal calculi lodged in the ureter?
    Acute, excruciating, colicky, wavelike pain that radiates down the thigh to the genitalia, hematuria, desire to void but little/no urine
  • How can you verify a patient is suffering from digoxin toxicity?
    Lab draw digoxin level
  • Phenazopyridine is an antibiotic commonly prescribed for treatment of a UTI. True or False
    False, urinary analgesic, OTC
  • Excessive alcohol use is a risk factor for peripheral arterial disease. True or False
    False
  • What does BUN measure?
    Amount of urea nitrogen in the blood
  • What symptoms would we expect a patient to experience with a renal calculi lodged in the bladder?
    UTI symptoms, urinary retention if stone blocked bladder neck
  • What is immune thrombocytopenic purpura?
    ITP; autoimmune disorder characterized by destruction of normal platelets
  • What is a normal BUN level?
    7-20 (ish)
  • Urinary retention is a common side effect of oxybutynin and does not need to be reported to the provider.
    False.
  • What can cause secondary Immune thrombocytopenia purpura?
    Autoimmune disease, viral infections, medications
  • What is the hallmark sign of peripheral artery disease?
    Intermittent Claudication
  • What symptoms are likely to manifest with a platelet count <20k?
    Petechiae (under 5k= spontaneous bleeding)
  • Describe functional incontinence.
    Not a disorder of the urinary tract. Another disorder is the cause: dementia, etc
  • What is pernicious anemia?
    Vit B12 deficiency due to absence of intrinsic factors. Common in gastric bypass surgery.
  • What foods should be avoided in patients with a history of oxalate renal stones?
    spinach, rhubarb, strawberries, tea, peanuts
  • Diuretics can improve symptoms with heart failure and also slow disease progression. True or False?
    False
  • What is a normal GFR?
    90-100
  • How does finasteride work?
    5-alpha-reductase inhibitor; prevent conversion of testosterone to DHT, decreases size of prostate
  • What are signs of digoxin toxicity?
    anorexia, nausea, visual disturbances, confusion, bradycardia
  • Name 3 symptoms of a blood transfusion reaction?
    Back pain, chest pain, hypotension, tachycardia, dyspnea
  • Describe stress incontinence.
    Involuntary loss of urine due to sneezing, coughing, changing position(mainly women w/ vaginal deliveries; some men post radical prostatectomy
  • A common side effect of calcium channel blockers is __________.
    Constipation
  • What are signs of fluid volume overload?
    dyspnea, confusion, increased BP, peripheral edema, JVD
  • What are s/s of BPH?
    Urine freq, urgency, nocturia, hesitation, decreased stream, incomplete emptying, dribbling, UTIs
  • What are risk factors for BPH?
    Smoking, heavy alcohol use, diabetes, western/American diet
  • What is the priority for a patient admitted with a platelet defect?
    Find the cause (then treat the cause)
  • You are caring for a patient with urinary incontinence. What education will you provide about how to manage this diagnosis?
    Voiding schedule, Delay void after feeling urge, avoid caffeine/carbonation/alcohol/art. sweeteners; kegels
  • This type of anemia is caused by inadequate numbers of erythrocytes produced by the bone marrow.
    Hypoproliferative
  • What flower is digoxin made from? (just an interesting tidbit of knowledge)
    Foxglove (digitalis)
  • ACE Inhibitors can lead to increased water and sodium excretion. True or False
    True
  • How does tamsulosin (Flomax) work?
    For BPH, Alpha-adrenergic blocker, relaxes smooth muscle of bladder neck and prostate
  • Your patient is scheduled for a TURP. What education will you provide regarding a catheter post procedure?
    Catheter will be in place (with irrigation), pink urine is likely, catheter in place until urine is fully clear, could go home with catheter, goal: no clots
  • Excessive blood transfusions can lead to which type of reaction?
    iron overload
  • Describe urge incontinence
    involuntary loss of urine soon after the urge to urinate is felt; unable to get to toilet in time
  • Cilostazol is an antiplatelet and vasdodilating medication that is used for peripheral artery disease. True or False
    True
  • Systolic heart failure occurs due to a weakened heart muscle. True or False?
    True
  • What are the 2 categories of causes of erectile dysfunction?
    Psychogenic and Organic
  • Removing the causative substance will stop Thalassemia symptoms. True or False?
    True
  • List 2 organic causes of erectile dysfunction.
    Cards disease, endo disease, cirrhosis, CKD, neuro disorders, drug abuse, smoking, alcohol, long term opioid use
  • Hypercalcemia is common in CKD. True or False?
    False- hypocalcemia
  • List 2 psychogenic causes of erectile dysfunction.
    anxiety, fear, depression, pressure to perform sexually, negative body image, absence of desire, privacy
  • What is iatrogenic incontinence?
    involuntary loss of urine due to extrinsic factors- mainly meds
  • Alfuzosin (Uroxatral) works by relaxing smooth muscle of the bladder neck and prostate improving urine flow and relieving symptoms of BPH. True or False
    True
  • Medications for erectile dysfunction will not work without _______.
    Sexual Stimulation
  • Renal colic from renal calculi can cause excruciating pain. Pain management is an important nursing intervention for these patients. True or False.
    True
  • Post op care for a TURP involves continuous bladder irrigation. The nurse should keep that rate at a steady pace. There is no reason to measure the irrigation amount as it is just used to flush the bladder. True or False.
    False. Need to be sure that the patient is not retaining fluid in the bladder or absorbing into the body (fluid volume overload)
  • What GFR classifies as Stage 5 Chronic Kidney Disease?
    <15
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