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Engine Fundamentals

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  • _____ bolt to the bottom of the block and hold the crankshaft and main bearing inserts in place.
    Main caps
  • What is this?
    Crank Damper
  • Name the four strokes of an automotive engine.
    Intake, Compression, Power, Exhaust
  • What is this?
    Valve Lifter
  • The _____ are holes machined in the bottom of the block to hold the crankshaft.
    main bearing bores
  • The crankshaft must rotate _____ complete revolutions to complete the four-stroke cycle.
    Two
  • An engine’s rear main _____ can be a one- or two-piece seal.
    oil seal
  • Explain the function of valve seals.
    Valve seals prevent oil from entering the combustion chambers through the valve guides
  • The split between the ends of a piston ring is called _____.
    ring gap
  • What is this?
    Rocker Arm
  • The _____ provides a mounting place for the camshaft drive mechanism, front damper, and fan belt pulleys.
    crankshaft snout
  • Which is usually larger, the intake valve or the exhaust valve?
    intake valve
  • Piston _____ is the distance the piston slides up or down from TDC/BDC.
    Stroke
  • Engine main bearings are inserts that fit between the block main bore and crankshaft _____.
    main journals
  • On late-model engines, the fuel injectors and the throttle body mount on the _____ manifold.
    intake
  • The _____ changes the up-and-down motion of the pistons into a rotating motion.
    crankshaft
  • Piston _____ must keep combustion pressure from entering the crankcase and must also keep _____ out of the combust
    rings, oil
  • What is the purpose of crankshaft counterweights?
    Crankshaft counterweights prevent engine vibration.
  • A(n) _____ usually rides on the cam lobes and transfers motion to the rest of the valve train.
    valve lifter
  • What is this?
    Camshaft
  • A(n) _____ is needed to turn the camshaft at one-half engine speed.
    camshaft drive
  • The engine _____ forms the main body of the engine.
    Block
  • _____ are coolant passages through the block that allow a solution of water and antifreeze to cool the cylinders.
    Water Jacket
  • What is this?
    Cylinder Head
  • What is this?
    Push Rods
  • What is this?
    Connecting rod
  • _____ are small pockets formed in the cylinder heads.
    combustion chambers
  • The _____ are large, round holes machined through the block from top to bottom.
    Cylinders
  • Explain the purpose of an automotive engine’s crank damper.
    A crank damper prevents crankshaft vibration and damage.
  • The _____ route air or air and fuel into the combustion chambers.
    intake ports
  • What is this?
    Engine Block
  • The _____ is the hollow area between the top of the piston and the bottom of the cylinder head.
    Combustion Chamber
  • What is this?
    Piston
  • The _____ cover is a thin metal or plastic cover over the top of the cylinder head.
    valve
  • _____ transfer motion between the lifters and the rocker arms.
    Push rods
  • What is this?
    Crank shaft
  • The valve _____ is a long shaft extending out of the valve head.
    stem
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