The point where chromatids cross over is called _____________.
Chiasma
Describe Metaphase
The third stage of mitosis, in which the spindle is complete and the chromosomes, attached to microtubules at their kinetochores, are all aligned at the metapha
Describe the G1 phase of cell division
The first gap, or growth phase, of the cell cycle, consisting of the portion of interphase before DNA synthesis begins.
In which part of the cell cycle is the DNA duplicated?
S phase
uncontrolled cell growth leads to _______
Cancer
2n =
diploid
What is the name of the region of a chromosome to which the microtubules of the spindle attach, via the kinetochore, during cell division.
centromere
Describe the G2 phase of cell division
The second gap, or growth phase, of the cell cycle, consisting of the portion of interphase after DNA synthesis occurs.
At the end of mitosis, there are ____ cells that are genetically __________.
2, identical
Describe Telophase
The fifth and final stage of mitosis, in which daughter nuclei are forming and cytokinesis has typically begun.
Around what percent of the cell cycle does interphase take up?
~90%
hapoid cells have ___ chromosomes
n
When does crossing over occur?
Prophase I of meiosis
Which process performs "PMAT" twice?
Meiosis
A male with Down's syndrome has __________ chromosomes.
47
Daughter cells are haploid
Meiosis
Define Interphase
Any phase that isn't mitosis (G1, S, G2)
Daughter cells are diploid
Mitosis
Human sperm contain ___________ chromosomes
23
Occurs in gametes
Meiosis
Chromosomes that are similar in size, shape, and genetic content are called _____________ chromosomes
homologous
Describe Prophase
The first stage of mitosis, in which the chromatin condenses into discrete chromosomes visible with a light microscope, the mitotic spindle begins to form, and
Describe Anaphase
The fourth stage of mitosis, in which the chromatids of each chromosome have separated and the daughter chromosomes are moving to the poles of the cell.
At the end of meiosis, there are ________ cells that are genetically ____________.
4, unique
Descrcibe Prometaphase
The second stage of mitosis, in which the nuclear envelope fragments and the spindle microtubules attach to the kinetochores of the chromosomes.
Describe the S phase of cell division
The synthesis phase of the cell cycle; the portion of interphase during which DNA is replicated.
Occurs in somatic cells
Mitosis
Creates new cells to replace old, damaged cells
Mitosis
State phases of Meiosis in sequence.
Prophase I, Prometaphase I, Metaphase I, Anaphase I, Telophase I, Interphase, Prophase II, Prometaphase II, Metaphase II, Anaphase II, Telophase II
Experiences crossing over
Meiosis
Does not experience crossing over
Mitosis
Results in the replication of two identical daughter cells
Mitosis
Meiosis two is esentially the same steps as ____________.
mitosis
Each side of a duplicated chromosome is known as a _____________ chromatid.
sister
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