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Ch2L2
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What are three types of seismic waves?
P waves, S waves, and surface waves
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What was the earliest magnitude scale?
The Richter scale
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What do P waves do to the ground?
Compress and expand it like an accordion
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How do geologists monitor earthquakes?
They measure the seismic waves produced
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What are seismic waves?
They are similar to sound waves, and they travel through Earth carrying energy released by an earthquake.
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What are the first waves to arrive from an earthquake?
P waves
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How many seismographs do you need to find an epicenter?
Three
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What does a one point increase in moment magnitude mean?
The energy is about 32 times more
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What is the focus of an earthquake?
The area beneath Earth's surface where rock that was under stress begins to break or move
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Which type of seismic wave is not sent out from the earthquake's focus?
Surface waves
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What scale do geologists use to rate the total energy an earthquake releases?
Moment magnitude scale
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What is a seismograph?
An instrument that records and measures an earthquake's seismic waves
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How do surface waves move?
Like ocean waves in an almost circular pattern
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What layer of the Earth do most earthquakes begin in?
The lithosphere
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What is an earthquake caused by?
Movement of rock beneath Earth's surface
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What is the epicenter of an earthquake?
The point on the surface directly above the focus
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How do S waves move?
They move side to side or up and down
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What does the Modified Mercalli scale rate?
The amount of shaking from an earthquake based on people's observations
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What is the magnitude of an earthquake?
A single number that geologists assign to an earthquake based on the earthquake's size
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What partially determines the speed and path of seismic waves?
The material through which the waves travel
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