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Principal of Biomedical Science Unit 3

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  • Homozygous dominant.
    SS (two capital letters)
  • Which chromosomes is the sickle cell mutation found on?
    11
  • Deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin.
    Anemia
  • When a vile of blood is spun in a circular motion at a very high speed.
    centrifuged
  • Which gene is mutated in sickle cell anemia?
    The gene for hemoglobin
  • The site of transcription.
    Nucleus
  • RNA or DNA Sugar is ribose
    RNA
  • Another name for thrombocytes?
    Platelets
  • rRNA, tRNA, mRNA- Part of the structure of a ribosome.
    rRNA
  • Sickle cell is not linked to sex chromosomes. What is the category of chromosomes sickle cell is found in?
    Autosomal
  • About how long do red blood cells live?
    90-120 days
  • How many common amino acids are used by the human body?
    20
  • A hormone that is produced in the pancreas. A lack of this causes type I diabetes.
    Insulin
  • The type of RNA that is made directly from DNA.
    mRNA
  • Red blood cells removes this from cells in the body.
    Carbon Dioxide
  • A variation of a gene.
    Allele
  • The site of translation.
    Ribosome
  • RNA or DNA contains uracil (U)
    RNA
  • DNA or RNA is single stranded
    RNA
  • Why are the red blood cells crescent shaped?
    Hemoglobin is mutated or hemoglobin is clumping together
  • Where are blood cells made?
    Bone Marrow
  • Creates proteins
    Ribosome
  • Heterozygous example.
    Ss (one capital and one lowercase)
  • Death of portions of bone
    Aseptic necrosis/Bone infarcts
  • rRNA, tRNA, or mRNA- Brings the amino acids needed to make the protein.
    tRNA
  • How many pairs of chromosomes do humans have?
    23 pairs (46 total)
  • A hormone that is made in your kidney and signals your bone marrow to make more red blood cells.
    erythropoietin
  • How do you get sickle cell anemia?
    It's inherited
  • A red protein that transports oxygen.
    Hemoglobin
  • What is the function of platelets in the blood?
    Small fragments that cause blood clotting.
  • What is the general composition of proteins?
    C,H,O,N
  • Red blood cell levels/total blood level times 100=
    Percent Red Blood Cell Volume=Hematocrit
  • Sickle cell is an autosomal _________________ disease.
    recessive
  • Why are the red cells normal in shape?
    The hemoglobin is not mutated or the hemoglobin isn't sticking/clumping together
  • What is job of white blood cells?
    Keep the body safe.
  • DNA or RNA contains thymine (T)
    DNA
  • Red blood cells carries this molecule to other cells in the body.
    Oxygen
  • The main structural protein found in skin and other connective tissue.
    Collagen
  • DNA or RNA uses the sugar deoxyribose
    DNA
  • What is plasma?
    Liquid component of blood.
  • Homozygous recessive example.
    ss (two lowercase)
  • Another name for white blood cells.
    Leukocytes
  • An enzyme found in saliva and pancreatic fluid. Converts starch and glycogen into simple sugars.
    Amylase
  • DNA or RNA is double stranded
    DNA
  • Biomolecules are composed of one more more chains of __________________
    Amino Acids
  • A swelling of hands and/or feet
    Dactylitis
  • One thing that happens to red blood cells when oxygen levels are low.
    1. RBCs become rigid and sticky 2. RBCs can get stuck in blood vessels
  • rRNA, tRNA, mRNA- Direct copy of the information from the DNA.
    mRNA
  • A blood test that measures the percentage of the volume of whole blood that is made up of red blood cells.
    hematocrit
  • A red protein that transports oxygen. Composed of four subunits, each containing an iron atom bound to a heme group.
    Hemoglobin
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