What term is usually used to describe the society and institutions of France before 1789?
The Old Regime
What became an important rallying point for people?
Political Clubs
What is Livre?
Unit of currency in France, discontinued in 1794
What is this device called and what was it used for?
It is Guillotine. It was used to behead a person when found guilty by the church during the Reign of Terror
Why was bastille hated by all?
Because it stood for the despotic power of the king
Why did the price of Bread rise rapidly?
The production of grain could not keep up with growing population which led to increase in prices of bread which was the staple diet of most
What led to subsistence crisis?
The population of France rose. This led to a rapid increase in the demand for foodgrains. Production of of grainsand wages did not keep pace with rise in demand
When did the voting rights change to 'all men of 21 years and above, regardless of wealth, got the right to vote'?
In 1792.
What did the large sections of population convince and why?
They were convinced that the revolution had to be carried further, as the Constitution of 1791 gave political rights only to the richer sections of society.
Who established absolute monarchy in France?
Louis XVI
Who abolished the Monarchy in France and when?
The Conventions on 21 September 1792
Explain Tithe
It was a tax levied by the church compromising one-tenth of the agricultural produce
Who owned 60 per cent of the land?
Nobles, the Church and other richer members of third estate.
Why was Louis XVI sentenced to death and where was he executed?
He was sentenced to death on the charge of treason and was executed at the Place de la Concorde.
Who put forward the ideas of a society based on freedom and equal laws and opportunities for all?
John Locke and John Jacques Rousseau
What was rationed and required to eat by all during Robespierre's rule?
Meat and bread were rationed. Everyone was required to eat the equality bread
Why was the state forced to increase taxes?
To meet its regular expenses, such as the cost of maintaining an army, the court, running government offices or universities
______ made up about 90% of the population.
Peasants
What drained the financial resources of France?
Long years of wars - maintenance of palace of Versailles
Who wrote 'Two Treaties of Government'?
John Locke
The French society was divided into three estates, the ________, the ______ and ________ in 18th century.
Clergy, Nobility and the third estate
The revolutionary wars brought _______ and _____ difficulties to the people.
losses and economic difficulties
Who enjoyed privileges by birth? Mention the two privileges.
The Clergy and The Nobility - Exemption from paying taxes and enjoyed the feudal privileges
France helped how many American colonies? and why?
13 - to gain independence from the common enemy, Britain
Who were a part of the Jacobin club? and who was its leader?
The club included small shopkeepers, artisans such as shoemaker, pastry cooks, watch-makers, printers and servants and daily-wage workers-Maximilian Robespierre