In this SEM you can see a whole bunch of green "lines" that support the cell, give it shape, and allow things to be transported as if they were on railroad tracks. What part of the cell are they?
The cytoskeleton. NEW KNOWLEDGE! Recent research has shown that the cytoskeleton is actually the "boss" of the cell.
This orgelle has a membrane on the inside of its membrane. What is the name of this organelle?
The mitochondria
These organelles are responsible for protecting a cell from the hydrogen peroxide it produces through metabolic processes.
Peroxisomes
What kind of chemicals are enzymes classified as? What organelle makes them?
Enzymes are proteins. They are made by the ribosomes on the endoplasmic reticulum. The R.E.R. also builds and the Golgi Apparatus finishes them.
Hormones are chemical signals. Most hormones are mostly made of ________ and are made in the ________
Most hormones are made of fat are are made in the Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum.
What is an enzyme?
A protein that can act as a biological catalyst. Enzymes speed up chemical reactions that take place in organisms.
What are four differences between the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum and the Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum.
1) The R.E.R. has Ribosomes. 2) The S.E.R.does not. 3) R.E.R. makes proteins. 4) S.E.M. makes fats.
Ribosomes are made within the ___________
nucleolus
What is ATP? How is it made? Where is it made?
ATP is the "gasoline" that fuels your body. It is made from glucose. It is made substrate-level phosphorlyation in the mitochondria.
Which organelle stores a eukaryotic cell's DNA?
the nucleus
Plant cells and animals cells both have these storage organelles. However, these organelles need to much, much bigger in plant cells. What are they called?
vacuoles
This organelle regulates what goes in and out of a cell
Cell Membrane
Can we see individual chromosomes in this picture? Or do we only see chromatin?
See the dark shapes that look like hot dogs? Those are chromosomes.
This mitochondria has gotten too old and needs to be broken down so that its chemicals can be recycled. Which organelle will destroy it?
The Lysosome.
Which one of these cells has a cell wall outside its cell membrane?
The plant cell has the cell wall. Animal cells NEVER have a cell wall.
In this SEM, we can see Ribosomes "living" on the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum. What job do ribosomes perform?
Ribosomes assemble amino acids together in order to make proteins.
What is the name of the long, convuluted membrane that makes proteins and fats?
The Endoplasmic Reticulum
True or False: Plants cells do NOT need mitochondria because they have chloroplasts.
FALSE! Plants use the chloroplasts to make glucose (sugar). Plants need mitochondria to refine the sugar into ATP.
This green organelle contains a chemical called chlorophyll. It will be found in plant cell, but not in animals cells. What is it?
This organelle is a chloroplast
In this SEM, you can see vessicles popping off from the Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum. What is probably inside them?
Products that the cell builds such as proteins or lipids.
This organelle resembles a stack of pancakes. It is where proteins and other cell products are finished before they are packaged into vessicles and shipped into the cytoplasm or outside of the cell. What is it?
The Golgi Apparatus