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Genetics and Heredity Unit Review

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  • What is the physical characteristics of an organism?
    Phenotype
  • The amount of chromosomes found in the specialized sex cells of humans
    23
  • How many MALES are affected in Generation IV ?
    4
  • What is a form of reproduction, such as budding, fission, or spore formation, not involving the union of gametes?
    Asexual Reproduction
  • DNA has a double _______ structure
    Helix
  • Where is genetic material stored in the cell?
    The Nucleus
  • Is Person 3 from Generation III affected by the trait? Yes or no?
    NO
  • What is found on a segment of DNA on the chromosome that determines the inheritance of a particular trait?
    Genes
  • What is the inherited trait that is always expressed if it is present?
    Dominant trait
  • What is the material that contains the information that determines inherited characteristics?
    DNA
  • What is a male and female unite sperm and egg to create anew organism?
    Sexual Reproduction
  • What is a mature haploid male or female germ cell which is able to unite with another of the opposite sex in sexual reproduction to form a zygote?
    Gamete
  • How many people are AFFECTED by the trait in this pedigree?
    3
  • How many pairs of chromosomes do humans have?
    23 pairs (46 total)
  • What is genetic makeup of an organism?
    Genotype
  • Who is known as the father of Genetics?
    Gregor Mendel
  • What is the passing of the traits from one generation to another?
    Heredity
  • How many FEMALES are affected in Generation III ?
    1
  • Difference between genotype and phenotype
  • name a base of DNA
    Thymine, Guanine, Adenine, Cytosine
  • What is genetic mutation?
    A genetic mutation is a change that occurs in our DNA code (sequence of nucleotides)
  • What is a new trait is created by combining two different traits? Neither is dominant nor recessive.
    Blended Traits
  • What does a CIRCLE represent on a pedigree???
    Females
  • What is the relationship between the people connected by RED LINES?
    Marriage or Reproduction
  • Relationship between III-2 and III-3
    Cousins and spouse
  • What is GMO?
    Genetically modified organism
  • Number of generations shown in the pedigree
    4
  • What is a structure in the nucleus that contains the DNA?
    Chromosomes
  • What is a tool used to predict the ratio of the possible genes that an offspring may inherit?
    Punnett Square
  • What does a SQUARE represent on a pedigree?
    Males
  • What is the new gene allele combinations that occur for the offspring in a Punnett Square?
    Gene pair
  • name another base of DNA that was not mentioned
    Thymine, Guanine, Adenine, Cytosine
  • What is the percentage change that an offspring will have a certain trait?
    Ratio
  • What do the roman numerals represent on a pedigree???
    Generations
  • What is Genetics?
    Genetics is the scientific study of genes and heredity
  • True or false: Chromosomes contain genes
    True
  • What is the inherited trait that is not expressed if a dominant trait is present?
    Recessive trait
  • With which plants did Mendel work?
    Pea plants
  • Name the organelle in a cell where DNA is found?
    Nucleus
  • What is a physical characteristic obtained from parent to the offspring?
    Trait
  • Where genetic information is located.
    The nucleus
  • How many CARRIERS are in this Pedigree ?
    5
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