Run chemical reactions at room temperature and pressure whenever possible
Maximize atom economy
Design syntheses so that the final product contains the maximum proportion of the starting materials. Waste few or no atoms.
Analyse in real-time to prevent pollution
Include in-process monitoring to minimise or eliminate the formation of byproducts
Use renewable feedstocks
Use starting materials {also known as feedstocks) that are renewable rather than depletable.
Minimise the potential for accidents
choose the materials for the process which are non-explosive or non-flammable wherever it is possible
Prevent waste
Design chemical syntheses to prevent waste. Leave no waste to treat or clean up.
Avoid chemical derivatives
Minimize the production of unnecessary compounds. Derivatives use additional reagents and generate waste.
Design safer chemicals and products
Design chemical products that are fully effective yet have little or no toxicity.
Design less hazardous chemical syntheses
Design syntheses to use and generate substances with little or no toxicity to either humans or the environment.
Use catalysts, not stoichiometric reagents
Use catalysts which are effective in small amounts and can carry out a single reaction many times. Don't use stoichiometric reagents which react only once.
Use safer solvents and reaction conditions
Avoid using solvents, separation agents or other auxiliary chemicals. If you must use these chemicals, use safer ones.
Design chemicals and products to degrade afte use
Design products that break down to innocuous substances after use
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