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Atoms, Electrons, and Bonding
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How many covalent bonds do you expect these elements to make: Si, P, Se
Si = 4, P = 3, Se = 2
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Write the electron configuration for copper (Cu)
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d9
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DRAW the lewis dot structure for Strontium, Phosphorus, Xenon
Sr: 2 lone e- / P: 1 pair and 3 lone e- / Xe: 4 pairs
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What separates the metals from the nonmetals on the periodic table?
The metalloids (zigzag line)
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All elements in the same GROUP have what in common?
Same number of valence electrons
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How many valence electrons do halogens have?
7
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Choose all that are mixtures: air, saltwater, milk, brass
All of the above!
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Explain: If 18 electrons fit on the third ring, why does K have 4 rings?
10 electrons are in the d orbital, but K has no electrons in d orbitals
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NAME type of bond and DRAW Lewis structure for MgBr2
Ionic Bond (metal + nonmetal)
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DRAW a picture of a metallic bond. Describe the electrons
Electrons are delocalized from metal cations
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DRAW the orbital diagram for sulfur
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p4
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NAME type of bond and DRAW Lewis structure for CH2F2
Covalent Bond (all nonmetals)
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How many total electrons are present in an ION of iodine?
54
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What is WRONG with this electron configuration?
The 4s orbital is filled before the 3d orbital
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What is the ionic charge of beryllium?
Be2+
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Which types of bonds allow for good conductivity?
Ionic and metallic (charges move freely)
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How are ionic bonds formed? BE DESCRIPTIVE
Metals become cations, nonmetals become anions, attraction between oppositely charged ions
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What is WRONG with this orbital diagram?
Every orbital must be filled with one electron before pairing
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What term best describes the electrons on the outermost energy level?
Valence electrons
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The periodic table is 80% metals, nonmetals, or metalloids?
80% metals!
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How do you show SHARED electrons in a Lewis structure?
Solid line between atoms means two shared electrons (covalent bond)
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CHALLENGE: What is the shorthand configuration for silicon? (noble gas in square brackets)
[Ne] 3s2 3p2
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What is the term for a negative ion?
Anion
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How many electrons reside in the first, second, and third energy level?
2, 8, 18...
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How many electrons are being shared in N2? DRAW the structure
6 electrons are shared (triple bond)
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All elements in the same PERIOD have what in common?
Electrons in the same energy level (for s and p orbitals)
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DRAW the orbital diagram for the magnesium ion
Lost two electrons, so should look like neon: 1s2 2s2 2p6
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Which two types of elements are present in a covalent bond?
Both nonmetals
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