AP Seminar Glossary

— Evidence or reasoning that is false or in error

The intent, audience, purpose, bias, situatedness, and/or background (larger environment) of a source or reference

— Arrangement of claims and evidence that leads to a conclusion

— A point of view conveyed through an argument

— Important problem for debate or discussion

A belief regarded as true and often unstated

— Information (e.g., data, quotations, excerpts from texts) used as proof to support a claim or thesis

— A type of reasoning that presents cases or evidence that lead to a logical conclusion

The degree to which a source is believable and trustworthy

— Acknowledgment and acceptance of an opposing or different view

The extent to which an argument or claim is logical

A commentary about one or more primary sources that provides additional insight, opinions, and/or interpretation about the primary source data, study, or artifacts

A type of reasoning that constructs general propositions that are supported with evidence or cases

— Acknowledgment and acceptance of an opposing or different view

A boundary or point at which an argument or generalization is no longer valid

A means of answering a question or addressing a problem or issue

Changing vocal characteristics (e.g., pitch, volume, speed) in order to emphasize ideas, convey emotion or opinion, or achieve other specific purposes

Having to do with numbers, amounts, or quantities

Something composed (e.g., articles; research studies; foundational, literary, and philosophical texts; speeches, broadcasts, and personal accounts; artistic works and performances) that conveys a perspective and can be examined

Having to do with text, narrative, or descriptions

A possible future effect or result

An original source of information about a topic (e.g., study, artifact, data set, interview, article)

Filter through which an issue or topic is considered or examined

— A claim or thesis that conveys a perspective developed through a line of reasoning and supported by evidence

— A claim or position on an issue or topic put forward and supported by evidence

Failure to acknowledge, attribute, and/or cite any ideas or evidence taken from another source

A position or standpoint on a topic or issue