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BOt105 SI week 2 vocab
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character trait that arose from a common ancestor of a group that is now present in all members of the group. A shared trait
Synapomorphy
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an organism’s physical characters: an expression of genes.
Phenotype
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derived trait
Apomorphy
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Having two sets of chromosomes (2n), characteristic of a sporophyte generation of a life cycle
Diploid
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Mitosis- DNA doubles
Interphase
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Having only one set of chromosomes.
Haploid
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mitosis No microtubules. Nucleus reform. Cell wall present
Telophase
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cellular division: duplicated chromosomes divide resulting in 2 identical daughter cells.
Mitosis
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specialized body within eukaryotic cells. Bound by a double membrane. Contains chromosomes.
Nucleus
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genetic information, that self replicates: composed of nucleotides denoted by A,C,G,T
DNA
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mitosis- Sister chromatids separate
Anaphase
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general term for any taxonomic category: class/order/phylum
Taxon
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The structure that carries the genes
Chromosome
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a taxon descended from a single ancestor = clade
Monophyletic group
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an organism’s genetic characteristics
Genotype
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Mitosis - Microtubules attach to centromeres. Chromosomes align at the mid
Metaphase
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Mitosis -Chromosomes condense
Prophase
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taxa that share an immediate common ancestor
Sister taxa
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a monophyletic group made up of an ancestor and all of its descendents. = monophyletic group
Clade
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a unit of heredity, a DNA sequence that codes for a specific protein
Gene
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