girls got first job outside their homes in textile mills
Monroe Doctrine
issued by James Monroe, prevented European colonization of land in Western Hemisphere
Alien and Sedition Acts
John Adams (2nd President), angered many Americans, violated freedom of speech
Farewell Address
Washington Warned against permanent foreign alliances and the creation of political parties
Checks and Balances
each branch of government has some power over the other two branches, helps to prevent any one branch from becoming too powerful.
Industrial Revolution Era
America builds factories
1st Amendment
freedom of religion (church/mosque), freedom of speech (criticize), freedom of press (media), freedom of assembly (peaceful protest), freedom to petit...
Colonization Era
People Made Homes in the New World
Yorktown
last major battle resulting in British defeat, Britain then signed Treaty of Paris and recognized U.S. independence.
Articles of Confederation
first government, Congress can negotiate treaties and declare war, no executive branch.
Federalist
supported Constitution, believed it created a more stable Union, Alexander Hamilton and James Madison
Maryland
a place for Catholics to live peacefully
Free Enterprise
economy driven by profit and competition
Steamboats and Railroads
resulted in faster and more efficient transportation of goods, the prices of goods decreased
Immigration
Irish came to U.S. because of potato famine, worked in factories/ Transcontinental Railroad, blamed for taking away jobs
Mercantilism
British controlled colonial trade, angered colonists
American Revolution Era
People make their own country
France
claimed land in New World to profit from fur trading
Interchangeable Parts
more efficient way to make things, led to mass production, resulted in prices decreasing
Reasons for Exploration
Include increase wealth (gold), expand empire (glory) and spread Christianity (God).
Religious Toleration
Roger Williams started religious toleration in Rhode Island
Northwest Ordinance
law establishing a way for admitting new states to the United States, territories govern themselves
Canals
man made rivers, transportation of goods became faster, price of goods drop, and cities grew
Whiskey Rebellion
protest over federal whiskey tax, Washington used domestic force to stop rebellion
New England Economy
fishing, lumbering, shipbuilding, harbors
10th Amendment
rights not given to the federal government are given to the states, this is the principle of federalism.
Causes of the War of 1812
British impressment of US sailors
Anti-Federalist
against constitution, believed it needed a bill of rights, Patrick Henry and George Mason
Marbury V. Madison
established judicial review which gave Supreme Court power to declare laws unconstitutional
Saratoga
turning point of war, France joined with Patriots
Urbanization
people move from rural farm areas to cities to work in factories, city populations explode
Reasons for Growth of Representative/Self Government
distance from Britain, Mayflwoer Compact, Virginia House of Burgesses, Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
Effects of the War of 1812
U.S. manufacturing increased
Consent of Governed
belief British should have permission of colonists to pass taxes, main reason for American Revolution
Southern Colonies Economy
Transatlantic Slave Trade, plantations, cash crops, fertile soil led to different economy than North
4th Amendment
No unreasonable search and seizure
Great Compromise
agreement that decided how many representatives large and small states would send to Congress
Citizen Responsibilities
Citizens must serve on juries to determine verdict, vote in elections
Hamilton's Financial Plan
1) establish national bank 2) pay off war debt 3) pass whiskey tax 4) protective tariff
Proclamation of 1763
law forbid colonists from moving west of Appalachian Mountains, angered colonists
Spain
claimed Florida, Texas, California & built missions
6th Amendment
Right to trial by jury
Quakers
1st anti-slavery group, lived in Pennsylvania
Federalist Party
led by Alexander Hamilton, wanted 1) more Federal govt. power 2) industrial economy 3) Federal Bank
Three Fifths Compromise
agreement over how slaves would count for representation and taxation purposes
Cotton Gin
resulted in people planting more cotton, resulted in more slaves in America
Exploration Era
Europeans discover a New World
Intolerable Acts
the British response to the Boston Tea Party, increased tension between colonists and British, led to First Continental Congress
Telegraph
invention used to communicate rapidly over long distances
Democratic-Republicans
Led by Thomas Jefferson; wanted 1) less federal government, 2) agricultural economy, 3) no federal bank
8th Amendment
Freedom from cruel and unusual punishment
Constitution Era
People create government for country
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