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P100 Unit II Exam Review

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  • Which of the following allow for a legal search to take place? Probable cause, clear & convincing evidence, reasonable suspicion, reasonable doubt
    Probable cause
  • T/F: Cops always have to use the "knock & announce rule
    False
  • List the 4 policing personalities & what each of them focus on?
    Enforcers: job-oriented, good cop. Realists: the grind. Idealists: individual rights, due process. Optimists: individual & public-oriented
  • T/F: Warrants can be based on a tip from a snitch or informant
    True
  • For a person to waive their Miranda rights, the waiver must be:
    Intelligent & voluntary
  • What is SARA & which type of policing uses it?
    Scanning, analysis, response, assessment. Used in problem-oriented policing
  • ____ focuses on the enforcement of quality-of-life issues (type of policing)
    Zero-tolerance policing
  • What is the "knock & announce" rule? Which Amendment does this fall under?
    4th, cops have to make their presence known
  • Try to list as many pros & cons on the chalkboard as you can
    List may vary
  • A term describing coercive actions in regard to police use of control techniques & deadly force is called the ______ continuum.
    Use of force continuum
  • What is an example of an exigent circumstance?
    Cops believe that evidence may be destroyed, perps could get away, perps could have weapons/there is a present danger for the cops
  • The right to an attorney is guaranteed by the _____Amendment
    6th
  • Why is the "knock & announce rule" sometimes not used? What are some of the exigent circumstances?
    Threats to safety, think that evidence may be destroyed, think the perps might escape
  • Which federal gov. agency keeps track of cops killed in action/on the job?
    FBI
  • What is a "Terry stop & frisk"? What case does this originate from?
    Stopping & frisking an individual on the basis of color w/o probable cause; "Terry v. Ohio" (14th Amendment violation)
  • What type of calls do cops believe present the greatest threat to their safety? Drug deals, dom. violence, traffic homicides, gangs
    Domestic violence
  • What is a "hotspot" in terms of policing & the CJUS system?
    An area with high levels of criminal activity & high risk of victimization is present
  • What is another term for racial profiling? (2)
    Biased-based or race-based
  • T/F: Once a person is arrested, the police may lawfully search the person's car and house.
    False
  • Describe what the fruit of the poisonous tree doctrine states
    Leads from illegally-obtained evidence cannot be used & is unconstitutional
  • What were considered the first organized police org. in the U.S.?
    Slave patrols
  • T/F: A majority of people in the U.S. waive their Miranda rights & speak to police voluntarily
    True, about 70-75% do
  • What does the 5th Amendment protect against?
    Self-incrimination
  • Cops can conduct a search if they have:
    Probable cause
  • T/F: When evidence is pulled from a 3rd party platform, like Facebook, needs to be Mirandized before it can be used in court proceedings
    False
  • T/F: Decentralization refers to the separation of federal, state, and local governments
    True
  • The service style of policing views the officer as a:
    Teacher
  • T/F: In order to draw a person's blood to test for drugs or BAC, there is no warrant needed
    False
  • If a cop enters a house and sees cocaine on the coffee table, he can seize it based on the ___ doctrine
    Plain view doctrine
  • Where are people allowed to have a reasonable expectation of privacy? Garbage, their home, cellphones, public restrooms
    Homes
  • What are a few instances in which a diverse police force is an effective tool?
    Women: sexual assaults, children, violence against women; racial groups/LGBT: trust, language barriers
  • What does the 4th Amendment say?
    No unreasonable searches, expectation of privacy, warrant from 3rd party
  • The watchman style of policing views the officers as a:
    Neighbor
  • How much of a cop's time is spent on crime? 10, 20, 30, or 40%?
    20%
  • August Vollmer first implemented the use of _____ to classify offenders & their crimes (Latin term)
    Modus operandi
  • T/F: Patrol officers are the "backbone" of policing
    True
  • Which case made the exclusionary rule apply to the states?
    Mapp v. Ohio
  • T/F: The first private security operation was established by Allan Pinkerton in 1851, which specialized in railway security
    True
  • T/F: You do not need a warrant to search someone's trash
    True
  • The legalistic style of policing views officers as:
    Soldiers
  • Which cases held up the exclusionary rule at the state and federal levels? (2)
    State: Mapp v. Ohio Federal: Weeks v. U.S.
  • T/F: Officers are permitted to make arrests without the use of a warrant
    True
  • Name the 3 roles of policing
    Watchman: (neighbor) Legalistic: (soldier) Service: (teacher)
  • When officers stop, search, & detain individuals based on race, it is called:
    (Terry) stop & frisk
  • What position (during old English times) was the pre-cursor to the modern day sheriff?
    Shire-reeve
  • What is the chain of command in regard to policing?
    The line of authority that ranges from the line officers to the sheriff/chief or head supervisor
  • In regard to fingerprinting, what do the following letters correspond to? L, W, & A
    Loop Whorl Arch
  • What are the types of policing?
    Community-or.: public wishes. Problem-or.: specific issue. Preventative. Zero-Tol.: cleaning up a specific area or community
  • Which department is considered the legal arm of the criminal justice system?
    Department of Justice
  • What is the term that refers to the decisions & choices that officers can make on the job?
    Discretion
  • Explain the difference between meat eaters & grass eaters
    Meat: actively participate & seek out corruption. Grass: passively engage/take bribes
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