In ideal conditions how quickly can bacteria reproduce?
20 minutes
What is a pathogen?
Harmful microorganism
What was the name of the book Charles Darwin published in 1859?
On the Origin of Species
Do white or red blood cells make antibodies?
White
Name 2 examples of genetic engineering
Answers vary eg. Bacteria for insulin, frost resistent Tomatoes, Glowing fish
Name 3 side effects of immunisation
Answers vary eg. temperature, sickness, swollen glands, small lump at injection site, headaches
What are 2 advantages of cloning plants?
produced quickly, it is cheap, all identical and share desired characteristics
When cells reproduce and DNA are damaged and broken...what are these damaged and broken DNA called?
Mutation
Does selective breeding increase or decrease variation within a species?
Decrease
Who discovered the first antibiotic?
Alexander Fleming
What was the name of the first cloned sheep?
Dolly
How many DNA bases ar there?
4
Name 2 of the 4 DNA bases
A (Adenine), T (Thymine), C (Cytosine), G (Guanine)
Name 2 products made by fermentation
Answers vary eg. bread, wine, beer
Types of bacteria that penicillin no longer kills are know as what?
Antibiotic resistant or superbugs
What is the word equation for fermentation?
Glucose > ethanol + carbon dioxide
What are the milk solids called in cheese making and what is the liquid called?
Curd and Whey
Who invented the first Vaccine
Edward Jenner
What is the process of heating milk to kill harmful bacteria called?
Pasteurisation
What animal did Charles Darwin study on The Galapagos Islands that started his theory on evolution?
Finches (later snails in Hawaii)
Give 2 examples of the use of enzymes
Making baby food, Removing stains, Extracting juice from fruit
How many recessive alleles do you need for the characteristic to be expressed?
Two
Give 2 examples of plants that reproduce asexually
Answers vary eg. potatoes, strawberries, Spider plants, succulents
Different forms of the same gene are called?
Alleles