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UKA grade 9 science
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In ideal conditions how quickly can bacteria reproduce?
20 minutes
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What is a pathogen?
Harmful microorganism
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What was the name of the book Charles Darwin published in 1859?
On the Origin of Species
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Do white or red blood cells make antibodies?
White
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Name 2 examples of genetic engineering
Answers vary eg. Bacteria for insulin, frost resistent Tomatoes, Glowing fish
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Name 3 side effects of immunisation
Answers vary eg. temperature, sickness, swollen glands, small lump at injection site, headaches
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What are 2 advantages of cloning plants?
produced quickly, it is cheap, all identical and share desired characteristics
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When cells reproduce and DNA are damaged and broken...what are these damaged and broken DNA called?
Mutation
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Does selective breeding increase or decrease variation within a species?
Decrease
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Who discovered the first antibiotic?
Alexander Fleming
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What was the name of the first cloned sheep?
Dolly
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How many DNA bases ar there?
4
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Name 2 of the 4 DNA bases
A (Adenine), T (Thymine), C (Cytosine), G (Guanine)
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Name 2 products made by fermentation
Answers vary eg. bread, wine, beer
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Types of bacteria that penicillin no longer kills are know as what?
Antibiotic resistant or superbugs
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What is the word equation for fermentation?
Glucose > ethanol + carbon dioxide
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What are the milk solids called in cheese making and what is the liquid called?
Curd and Whey
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Who invented the first Vaccine
Edward Jenner
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Name 2 ways scientists are trying to prevent extinction
Conservation, Captive Breeding, Seed Banks and Cloning
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What is the process of heating milk to kill harmful bacteria called?
Pasteurisation
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What animal did Charles Darwin study on The Galapagos Islands that started his theory on evolution?
Finches (later snails in Hawaii)
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Give 2 examples of the use of enzymes
Making baby food, Removing stains, Extracting juice from fruit
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How many recessive alleles do you need for the characteristic to be expressed?
Two
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Give 2 examples of plants that reproduce asexually
Answers vary eg. potatoes, strawberries, Spider plants, succulents
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Different forms of the same gene are called?
Alleles
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