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Tests for Ions and Gases
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What is the effect of adding aqueous ammonia to the zinc ion?
white ppt., soluble in excess, giving a colourless solution
What is the effect of adding aqueous ammonia to the iron (III) ion?
red-brown ppt., insoluble in excess
What is the effect of adding aqueous ammonia to the iron (II) ion?
green ppt., insoluble in excess, ppt. turns brown near surface on standing
What is the effect of adding aqueous ammonia to the copper (II) ion?
light blue ppt., soluble in excess, giving a dark blue solution
What is the effect of adding aqueous ammonia to the chromium (III) ion?
green ppt., insoluble in excess
What is the effect of adding aqueous ammonia to the calcium ion?
no ppt. or very slight white ppt
What is the effect of adding aqueous ammonia to the aluminium ion?
white ppt., insoluble in excess
What is the test and result for sulfites?
Add a small volume of acidified aqueous potassium manganate(VII). The acidified aqueous potassium manganate (VII) changes colour from purple to colourless
What is the test and result for carbonates?
Add dilute acid, then test for carbon dioxide gas effervescence. Carbon dioxide produced
What is the test and result for nitrates?
Add aqueous sodium hydroxide, then aluminium foil; warm carefully. Ammonia produced
What is the test and result for sulfates?
acidified barium nitrate, white ppt.
What is the test and result for iodides?
acidified silver nitrate, yellow ppt.
What is the test and result for bromides?
acidified silver nitrate, cream ppt.
What is the test and result for chlorides?
acidified silver nitrate, white ppt.
What is the effect of adding NaOH solution to the zinc ion?
white ppt., soluble in excess, giving a colourless solution
What is the effect of adding NaOH solution to the iron(III) ion?
red-brown ppt., insoluble in excess
What is the effect of adding NaOH solution to the iron(II) ion?
green ppt., insoluble in excess, ppt. turns brown near surface on standing
What is the effect of adding NaOH solution to the copper(II) ion?
light blue ppt., insoluble in excess
What is the effect of adding NaOH solution to the chromium(III) ion?
green ppt., soluble in excess
What is the effect of adding NaOH solution to the calcium ion?
white ppt., insoluble in excess
What is the effect of adding NaOH solution to the ammonium ion?
ammonia produced on warming
What is the effect of adding NaOH solution to the aluminium ion?
white ppt., soluble in excess, giving a colourless solution
What is the test for sulfur dioxide?
turns acidified aqueous potassium manganate(VII) from purple to colourless
What is the test for carbon dioxide?
turns limewater milky/cloudy
What is the test for chlorine gas?
bleaches damp litmus paper
What is the test for hydrogen?
‘pops’ with a lighted splint- squeaky pop
What is the test for oxygen?
relights a glowing splint
What is the test for ammonia?
turns damp red litmus paper blue
What is the colour of the flame test for copper?
blue-green
What is the colour of the flame test for barium?
light green
What is the colour of the flame test for calcium?
orange-red
What is the colour of the flame test for lithium?
red
What is the colour of the flame test for potassium?
lilac
What is the colour of the flame test for sodium?
yellow


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