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Energy Unit Vocabulary
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linear relationship
straight diagonal line on a graph
Mass
the amount of matter in an object, similar to weight
Joules
J; the units of measurement of energy
Proportional Relationship
when two objects have a relationship where they increase or decrease at the same rate; drawn on a graph with a linear relationship
Law of Conservation of Energy
energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or converted
Elastic Potential Energy
EPE; energy in an elastic object , the object needs to be stretched in order to activate it
Surroundings
everything outside the system
System
the object of interest, the thing we are examining; example the cart/band system
Calories
the stored (potential) energy in food
Stored Energy
potential energy; energy that isn't being currently used but can be activated
Slope
the steepness of a line on a graph
Rate of Change
how something changes over time; example changes in speed
Negligible Friction
when friction is so small it can be ignored
Friction
causes objects to slow down and stop; energy is transferring & converting from KE to TE
Conversion
energy changing from one type to another
Thermal Energy
TE; energy of heat
Chain Energy Transfer
when energy moves between multiple objects
Chemical Potential Energy
CPE; energy stored in chemical bonds; for example food or gasoline
Energy Receiver
object that gets energy from another object; its energy goes up
Energy Giver
object that gives energy to another object; its energy goes down
Transfer
energy moving from object to object
Energy Diagram
a diagram that shows energy types and movement between objects
Kinetic Energy
KE; energy of motion
Inference
a conclusion gained from the observations
Observation
information obtained through the 5 senses.
Vector
a value or amount and a direction
Velocity-Time Graph
a line graph that shows the velocity, on the y-axis, and the time, on the x-axis, of an object
Velocity
speed and the direction
Speed
how fast an object is moving


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