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What are the component elements of nucleic acids?
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, and Phosphorus
What is the major function of RNA?
Used in protein synthesis which contains the code for the production of proteins
What is the difference between DNA and RNA?
DNA: Double stranded, Deoxyribose sugar, GCAT ; RNA: Single Stranded, Ribose sugar, GCAU
What are the three components of nucleotides?
Sugar, phosphate group, and nitrogenous bases
What is the primary function of Nucleic Acids?
Store the genetic code and transmit hereditary information
What are the monomers of Nucleic Acids?
Nucleotides
What are globular proteins?
Sphere-shaped proteins that transport and store nutrients, catalyze reactions, fight invasions. and participate in metabolism
It is a type of protein use by the immune system to repair and heal the body from foreign bacteria
Antibody
What type of macromolecule do hormones belong to?
PROTEINS!
How do tertiary structures in proteins form?
By the interactions of Alpha Helices and Beta Sheets
This type of proteins provide strength for tissues
Fibrous Proteins - Collagens, elastins, and keratins
What are the three important examples/functions of proteins?
Enzymes, Antibodies, and Hemoglobin (cell transport)
What is the difference between Lactose and Galactose?
Lactose is a disaccharide (Galactose + Glucose) and Galactose is a monosaccharide
What is the recognizable structure of steroids?
Three six-membered rings and one five-membered ring
What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids?
Saturated fatty acids do not possess double bonds while unsaturated fatty acids contain double bonds and a "kink"
What is the function of Lipoproteins?
Transport fat molecules in water, blood plasma, or other extracellular fluids
What is the difference between Lipids and Carbohydrates?
Carbohydrates are short-term energy sources while lipids are long-term energy sources
What is maltose and where can it be found?
Glucose + Glucose. Cereal beer, potatoes, cheese, pasta
What are the three examples of monosaccharides?
Glucose, Fructose, and Galactose
What is the primary function of simple carbohydrates?
They can be easily digested and raise blood sugar levels immediately
These are also called empty calories because they do not posses fiber, vitamins, and minerals
Simple Carbohydrates
What is the monomer for carbohydrates?
Monosaccharides
What does a "polymer" mean?
chains of monomers
What are the five elements of life?
Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Sulfur


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