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EMT Module 4 Final Review
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Although helmets are usually removed on scene, these type of helmets MUST be removed.
Lose or non-form fitting helments
What is the most minor type of HEAD injury.
soft tissue(contusion, abrasion, laceration)
Battle signs or racoon eyes are from what fracture?
Basilar skull fracture
What is coup-contra-coup?
When the brain is pushed forward and hits the skull, then bounces backwards and hits the other side.
When do we check for CMS when splinting?
before any movement and after the splint is applied.
The largest splint we carry is what?
the long backboard
The traction splint is used for what bone?
Femur
The best splinting for a shoulder injury is this.
Sling and swathe.
How many people are needed to splint properly?
At least 2
We splint in the position of what?
Function
When a patient suffered an electrocution, which burn could be worse, the entrance or the exit?
Exit could be much worse
An employee had a chemical splash in their eyes, we should irrigate for this long.
at least 20 minutes
Once the burning process has stopped, we wrap the burn in this.
Dry sterile dressing.
The first treatment in burn care is this.
stop the burning process.
This type of burn has blisters
partial thickness
A patient with a chest injury who has absent lung sounds on the left, with hypotension and severe respiratory distress is suffer from this.
Tension pneumothorax
You are treating a patient with an evisceration. You have placed moist dressing, then bulky dry dressing over that and secured in place. What is the best way to transport the patient on the stretcher?
Knees bent to prevent extra pressure/pulling on the abdomen.
The only time we can remove an impaled object is what location?
The check if there is airway compromise.
State the treatment for an amputated body part.
Wrap at least the end of the part, place in bag, place bag in ice or ice water and label.
The first treatment for an open soft tissue injury is what?
Direct pressure.
Name 4 open soft tissue injuries.
avulsion, laceration, abrasion, evisceration, puncture, impalement, amputation
A patient showing signs and symptoms of shock should be treated with what 3-4 things.
High flow oxygen, blanket, and immediate transport. (bleeding control if needed)
A patient has a severe allergic reaction to eggs, after being exposed to eggs, the patient develops respiratory distress and an altered mental status, this patient can be diagnosed with what?
anaphylactic shock
Tension pneumothorax, cardiac tamponade, or pulmonary embolisms can cause this type of shock.
Obstructive
When there is an issue with the heart pumping blood itself, this is classified as what?
Cardiogenic shock
This type of shock is caused by a severe infection.
Septic shock
Neurogenic shock is caused by what?
Spinal cord injury
Hypovolemic shock can be caused by these two things.
bleeding or dehydration
What is the name of the shock that causes systemic vasodilation following the sight of blood or hearing bad news?
Psychogenic
The primary skin color a patient in shock would exhibit is what?
Pale or pallor
What is an epistaxis?
Medical term for nosebleed
What bleeds more, hollow or solid organs?
Solid.
In a severe bleed, a tourniquet should be placed when?
After direction pressure does not work.
How do you know the difference between compensated and decompensated shock?
The patient becomes hypotensive (bp less than 90 systolic for an adult)
What is the relation to a dressing and a bandage?
A bandage holds a dressing in place.
Occlusive dressings need to be applied to what areas if needed?
Chest and neck
You have an adult patient presenting with cushing's triad. What is the best treatment that we can provide?
Hyperventilate at 20bpm
Which type of bleeding is the worst?
Arterial


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