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cells of the immune sytem
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Phagocytic cells are studded with plasma membrane proteins known as toll-like receptors (TLRs) that recognize __________typically found on viral and bacterial cell walls.
pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)
Macrophages and other phagocytic cells detect pathogens by their _________
Toll like receptors TLR's
Plasma cells swell as they add large amounts of the organelle known as ___________ for protein production
endoplasmic reticulum
Type of leukocytes that respond to antigens only when they are bound to specific molecules called major histocompatability complex (MHC) proteins
T cells
The type of MHC molecules that are found and antigen presenting cells (APCs) such as macrophages and dendritic cells
MHC II
The type of MHC molecules that are found on all nucleated human cells and are the proteins that are the cell’s self-antigens.
MHC I
What type of receptors are found on T cells
TCRs T cell receptors
What type of receptors are found on B cells
BCRs ( B cell receptor)
3 types of T lymphocytes
killer T, helper T, suppressor T
Type of leukocyte that kill virus-infected and cancerous cells. Can differentiate into many other cells (killer T, helper T, suppressor T)
T lymphocytes
professional antigen presenting cells are
macrophages, dendritic cells and B cells
Neutrophils, basophils, and eosinophils are all considered to be _______ that can be found circulating in the bloodstream
PMNs or polymorphonuclear leukocytes
3 actively phagocytic cells are...
dendritic cells, macrophages, neutrophils
Are specialized antigen presenting cells (APCs) that when activated present the antigens to lymphocytes to activate them.
dendritic cells
 when activated these cells present the antigens to lymphocytes to activate them. They include macrophages and B cells.
antigen presenting cells (APC'S)
Type of cells that are found in the connective tissue of skin, lungs, and the gastrointestinal tract have a similar function as basophils in that they can release histamine and heparin.
mast cells
derived from monocytes, These cells remain is a particular tissue; Example: alveolar macrophages, kupffer cells in liver, microglia
fixed monocytes
derived from monocytes and roam tissues and gather at sites of infection and inflammation.
wandering macrophages
Type of leukocytes that migrate from blood into tissues where they enlarge and become macrophages that are active phagocytes.
monocytes
General term for the type of leukocytes responsible for cell-mediated immunity.
T lymphocytes
Type of leukocyte that kill virus-infected and cancerous cells.
Cytotoxic T lymphocytes
Type of leukocyte responsible for antibody-mediated or humoral immunity
B lymphocyte
Type of leukocyte that differentiates into plasma cells and secrete antibodies (immunoglobulins)
B lymphocyte
Type of agranular leukocyte with dark U or kidney-shaped nucleus
monocyte
The fourth most common type of leukocyte in a normal blood sample.
eosinophil
The third most common type of leukocyte in a normal blood sample.
monocyte
The second most common type of leukocyte in a normal blood sample.
lymphocyte
Type of leukocyte that circulate in the blood and have granules that contain histamine - a vasodilator and heparin - an anticoagulant
basophil
Type of leukocyte that help reduce the severity of allergy attacks by phagocytosing the immune complexes; kill parasites such as flatworms
eosinophils
Type leukocyte that increase in number during an allergy attack
eosinophils
The type of large bone marrow cell that forms platelets
megakaryocytes
Immature neutrophils are sometimes called
bands
Type of leukocytes that can increase in number during an acute bacterial infection. These dead cells along with cell debris, and fluid can accumulate as pus at sites of infections
neutrophils
___ or PMNs, are a special family of white blood cells that includes immune cells known as neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils.
polymorphonuclear leukocytes
Leukocytes are formed in the _______ by a process of leukopoiesis
red bone marrow
General term for the type of cells of the immune system that are involved in protecting the body against both infectious disease and foreign invaders.
leukocytes


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