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Genetics and Heredity Unit Review
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DNA has a double _______ structure
Helix
name another base of DNA that was not mentioned
Thymine, Guanine, Adenine, Cytosine
name a base of DNA
Thymine, Guanine, Adenine, Cytosine
True or false: Chromosomes contain genes
True
Where is genetic material stored in the cell?
The Nucleus
How many pairs of chromosomes do humans have?
23 pairs (46 total)
How many MALES are affected in Generation IV ?
4
How many FEMALES are affected in Generation III ?
1
How many people are AFFECTED by the trait in this pedigree?
3
How many CARRIERS are in this Pedigree ?
5
What is the relationship between the people connected by RED LINES?
Marriage or Reproduction
What does a CIRCLE represent on a pedigree???
Females
What does a SQUARE represent on a pedigree?
Males
Is Person 3 from Generation III affected by the trait? Yes or no?
NO
What do the roman numerals represent on a pedigree???
Generations
Relationship between III-2 and III-3
Cousins and spouse
Number of generations shown in the pedigree
4
The amount of chromosomes found in the specialized sex cells of humans
23
Where genetic information is located.
The nucleus
With which plants did Mendel work?
Pea plants
What is genetic mutation?
A genetic mutation is a change that occurs in our DNA code (sequence of nucleotides)
Difference between genotype and phenotype
What is GMO?
Genetically modified organism
Who is known as the father of Genetics?
Gregor Mendel
What is Genetics?
Genetics is the scientific study of genes and heredity
What is a form of reproduction, such as budding, fission, or spore formation, not involving the union of gametes?
Asexual Reproduction
What is a mature haploid male or female germ cell which is able to unite with another of the opposite sex in sexual reproduction to form a zygote?
Gamete
What is the new gene allele combinations that occur for the offspring in a Punnett Square?
Gene pair
What is the percentage change that an offspring will have a certain trait?
Ratio
What is a tool used to predict the ratio of the possible genes that an offspring may inherit?
Punnett Square
What is a new trait is created by combining two different traits? Neither is dominant nor recessive.
Blended Traits
What is the inherited trait that is not expressed if a dominant trait is present?
Recessive trait
What is the inherited trait that is always expressed if it is present?
Dominant trait
What is the physical characteristics of an organism?
Phenotype
What is genetic makeup of an organism?
Genotype
What is the material that contains the information that determines inherited characteristics?
DNA
What is a structure in the nucleus that contains the DNA?
Chromosomes
Name the organelle in a cell where DNA is found?
Nucleus
What is found on a segment of DNA on the chromosome that determines the inheritance of a particular trait?
Genes
What is the passing of the traits from one generation to another?
Heredity
What is a male and female unite sperm and egg to create anew organism?
Sexual Reproduction
What is a physical characteristic obtained from parent to the offspring?
Trait


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