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1889; former Indian lands; opened up for settlement, resulting in a race to lay claim for a homestead
Oklahoma Land Rush
a Native American movement that called for a return to traditional ways of life and challenged white dominance in society
Ghost dance Movement
mass killing by U.S. soldiers of as many as 300 unarmed Sioux at Wounded Knee, South Dakota, in 1890
Wounded Knee Massacre
1887 law that distributed reservation land to individual Native American owners
Dawes Act
the social process of absorbing one cultural group into harmony with another
assimilation
In 1876, Indian leaders Sitting Bull and Crazy Horse defeated Custer's troops who tried to force them back on to the reservation, Custer and all his men died
Battle of Little Bighorn
A system of public employment based on rewarding party loyalists and friends.
Spoils System
a political organization within the Democratic Party in New York city (late 1800's and early 1900's) seeking political control by corruption and bossism
Tammany Hall
A political boss who carried corruption to new extremes, leader of Tammany Hall
Boss Tweed
Passed in 1883, an Act that created a federal civil service so that hiring and promotion would be based on merit rather than patronage.
Pendleton Civil Service Act
the founder of Hull House, which provided English lessons for immigrants, daycares, and child care classes
Jane Addams
Very restrictive immigration legislation passed in 1924, which lowered immigration to 3 percent of each nationality as found in the 1890 census. This lowered immigration dramatically and, quite intentionally, almost eliminated immigration f
National Origins Act (Immigration Act 1924)
restricted immigration by requiring immigrants to be able to read and write a language
Immigration Act 1917
(1882) Denied any additional Chinese laborers to enter the country while allowing students and merchants to immigrate.
Chinese Exclusion Act
the policy of protecting the interests of native-born or established inhabitants against those of immigrants.
Nativism
2 examples of Problems in Cities
tenements, slums, political corruption, overcrowding, poverty, pollution
(1886) Chicago police advanced on a meeting that had been called to protest supposed brutalities by authorities. Dynamite bomb thrown and dozens were killed. Knights of labor were blamed for this incident, and lost public support
Haymarket Incident
1886; founded by Samuel Gompers; sought better wages, hrs, working conditions; skilled laborers, arose out of dissatisfaction with the Knights of Labor, rejected socialist and communist ideas, non-violent.
American Federation of Labor
labor union that sought to organize all workers and focused on broad social reforms; failed to bring about change due to public reaction after the Haymarket Incident
Knights of Labor
President Hayes used federal troops to stop the violence and end the strike that shut down 2/3 of the nations railroads
Great Railroad Strike
applied “survival of the fittest” principles to human society
social darwinism
An influential banker and businessman who bought and reorganized companies. His US Steel company would buy Carnegie steel and become the largest business in the world in 1901
JP Morgan
Captain of Industry in charge of railroad and steamship lines
Vanderbilt
Captain of industry that created a monopoly in oil refineries
Rockefeller
A Scottish immigrant who made a fortune in steel and donated most of his profits.
Carnegie
Type of monopoly where a company buys out all of its competition. Ex. Rockefeller
Horizontal Integration
Practice where a single entity controls the entire process of a product, from the raw materials to distribution
Vertical Integration
Govt provides subsidies to RR in the form of land grants--promoted the building of transcontinental railroads
Pacific Railway Act
What are 2 causes of idustrialization
pro-business government policies, natural resources, population growth, entrepreneurs, new technology
In the late 1800s collective bargaining was a technique used by labor unions to
win workers rights


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