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Organisms interact with only living parts of their ecosystem, not nonliving parts. Organisms depend on these interactions in order to survive and have offspring. TRUE or FALSE
FALSE. Organisms interact with both living and nonliving parts of their ecosystem. Organisms depend on these interactions in order to survive and have offspring
What is an ecosystem?
An ecosystem is all of the organisms in an area plus the nonliving parts of their environment.
What is a community?
A community is a group of different species living in the same area.
What is a population?
A population is a group of the same species living in the same area.
In multicellular organisms, the steps of cellular respiration occur in the _____ and the _____
cytosol and mitochondria
Formulate the overall equation for cellular respiration.
C6H12O6 + 6 O2 -> 6 CO2 + 6 H2O
Glucose and oxygen are outputs of cellular respiration. Carbon dioxide and water are inputs. TRUE or FALSE
FALSE. Glucose and oxygen are inputs of cellular respiration. Carbon dioxide and water are outputs.
Many food molecules are broken down into ______, a simple sugar. Used in cellular respiration.
glucose
______ ______ is a series of chemical reactions that rearrange atoms in food molecules, releasing usable energy.
Cellular respiration
In animals, large food molecules are broken down into smaller molecules during ______.
digestion
Some important food molecules are _____, _____, and _____. These all contain carbon atoms.
fats, proteins, and sugars.
Photosynthesis is usually carried out in _______.
chloroplasts
Chlorophyll helps capture light energy. TRUE or FALSE
TRUE
Chloroplasts are cell structures that contain molecules called _____.
chlorophyll
The sugars can provide _____ _____. This energy can be used by the organism to live and grow. The sugars can also be used to build the organism’s structures
chemical energy
_____ and _____ are outputs of photosynthesis.
Oxygen and sugars
The energy from sunlight is used to rearrange atoms in oxygen and carbon dioxide to make water and sugars. TRUE or FALSE
FALSE. The energy from sunlight is used to rearrange atoms in carbon dioxide and water to make oxygen and sugars.
Photosynthesis is powered by energy from ______.
sunlight
Many organisms make their own food through _______. Ex: Plants, algae, and some unicellular organisms
photosynthesis
The environment also affects how an organism grows, any influence of the environment is called an ______ ______.
environmental factor
What are the organism’s environment include?
Temperature, light, food, water
An ______ ______ is all the things the organism is exposed to as it lives and grows.
organism’s environment
Genes can affect how an organism grows, any influence of genes is called an environmental factor. TRUE or FALSE
TRUE
______ provide information about an organism’s traits.
Genes
_____ make up the hereditary material inside an organism’s cells.
Genes
An organism’s traits depend on both its _____ and its _____.
genes and environment
Many plants have special features to help with seed dispersal. Give some examples
- Some seeds have structures that help them stick to an animal’s fur
Many plants have special features to attract pollinators. Give some examples
- A flower’s scent may attract pollinators. - Many flowers use colors to attract insects
Dispersed seeds are more likely than non-dispersed seeds to grow into new plants and survive. TRUE or FALSE
TRUE
Seed dispersal increases the chance that the seed will grow in an area with plenty of resources. TRUE or FALSE
TRUE
Animals can also help with ____ _____ or the movement of seeds away from a parent plant.
seed dispersal
When pollinators feed on flowers, they transfer pollen from female to male flower parts. TRUE or FALSE
FALSE. When pollinators feed on flowers, they transfer pollen from male to female flower parts.
_____ are animals that assist flowering plants to reproduce through pollination.
Pollinators
Certain _____ _____ can help increase a plant’s reproductive success
animal behaviors
What is the transfer of pollen from male to female flower parts?
Pollination
Some behaviors increase the chance that offspring will survive and be able to reproduce. These include _____ and _____ young offspring.
protecting and feeding
Some behaviors increase the chance of producing offspring. These include ____ ___ ____ ____.
displays that attract mates.
An animal that has less surviving offspring likely has a higher reproductive success. TRUE or FALSE
FALSE. An animal that has more surviving offspring likely has a higher reproductive success.
An animal’s ______ ____ is related to the number of offspring it has during its life.
reproductive success
In sexual reproduction, mating results in _____, and the production of offspring.
fertilization
In ____ ______, an animal typically mates with an individual of the opposite sex.
sexual reproduction
The offspring have the same genes, and therefore the same inherited traits, as the parent.
asexual reproduction
Offspring have a different set of traits compared to either parent.
sexual reproduction
The offspring have a mix of genes from both parents.
sexual reproduction
During _____ _______, two parents produce offspring.
sexual reproduction
During _____ _______, a single parent produces offspring.
asexual reproduction
Parent organisms reproduce to make _____.
offspring
_____ is the process of making new organisms.
Reproduction
What are the full steps of sensory processing?
stimulus -> sensing and transmission -> processing -> response
Information from sensory receptors is transmitted or passed along, ____ ____ to the ____
nerve cells / brain
What is the last step of sensory processing?
The brain triggers a response and stores a memory.
What is the second step of sensory processing?
Information from receptors is passed along nerve cells to the brain where the information is organized.
What is the first step of sensory processing?
Sensory receptors detect signals from the environment.
What senses are the results of the detection of electromagnetic stimuli?
sight
What senses are the results of the detection of mechanical stimuli?
touch
What senses are the results of the detection of chemical stimuli?
taste and smell
What is the stimuli, the plural of stimulus?
a stimulus is a signal that can lead to a response in the body.
_____ _____ are cells or cell parts that detect signals from the environment.
Sensory receptors
Which system helps humans and other animals sense and respond to their environments?
Nervous system
The brain is a tissue that is made up of a group of cells. TRUE or FALSE
FALSE. The brain is an organ that is made up of multiple types of tissues.
The human body is made up of one organ system. TRUE or FALSE
FALSE. The human body is made up of multiple organ systems.
An _____ is a group of organs that work together to carry out complex tasks in the body.
organ system
An _____ is made up of multiple types of tissues.
organ
A _____ is a group of similar, specialized cells.
tissue
Cells in human body have _____ _____ and _____
unique structures and functions
What do animal cells and plant cells have in common?
They both have cell membrane, cytosol, nucleus and mitochondria
______ give plants green color
Chloroplasts
If a plant cell’s chloroplasts stopped working, what would happen to the cell?
The cell wouldn't be able to make sugars via photosynthesis
Chloroplasts are where _____ takes place.
photosynthesis
If the cell wall stopped working, what would happen to the cell?
The cell would lose its rigid shape.
The ______ is responsible for providing structure and support to plant cells.
cell wall
In plant cells, ______ provides the structure for the cell.
the cell wall
The plant cell wall is outside the ______
cell membrane
Plant cells have _____ and  __ _____ _____, but animal cells do not.
chloroplasts and a cell wall
List things that are made up of cells?
- A worm - A human - A lotus tree ...
Existing cells are required for new cells to form. TRUE or FALSE
TRUE
The ______ break down the sugars, releasing the cell's energy to stay alive.
mitochondria
Chloroplasts make sugars through ______
photosynthesis
What does the organelles make sugar that plant cells need to live?
Chloroplasts
Cells contain parts called ______
Organelles
What are organelles that carry out photosynthesis?
Chloroplasts
What is an organelle that contains a cell’s genes?
Nucleus
______ are organelles that break down sugars. This process releases energy that the cell can use.
Mitochondria
A cell’s ______ work alone and together to keep the whole cell functioning.
Organelles
The cell membrane surrounds a cell’s ______, which is a jelly-like substance containing the cell’s parts.
Cytoplasm
Mitochondria control what goes in and comes out. TRUE or FALSE
FALSE. Cell membrane controls what goes in and comes out.
All cells have a ______ that separates the inside and the outside of the cell
cell membrane
During ______, one cell grows and splits into two.
cell division
New cells are made through a process called ______
cell division
What are the organisms made up of many cells?
Multicellular
Multicellular organisms are made up of one cell. TRUE or FALSE?
FALSE. Unicellular organisms are made up of one cell.
What are the functions of cells?
- Taking up nutrients and water - Getting rid of waste - Getting and using energy - Interacting with the environment.
All organisms are made up of ______
Cells
What are the living things called?
Organisms


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