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Engine Fundamentals
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The _____ cover is a thin metal or plastic cover over the top of the cylinder head.
valve
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The _____ changes the up-and-down motion of the pistons into a rotating motion.
crankshaft
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The _____ is the hollow area between the top of the piston and the bottom of the cylinder head.
Combustion Chamber
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On late-model engines, the fuel injectors and the throttle body mount on the _____ manifold.
intake
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Which is usually larger, the intake valve or the exhaust valve?
intake valve
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_____ transfer motion between the lifters and the rocker arms.
Push rods
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What is this?
Connecting rod
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What is this?
Cylinder Head
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The _____ are holes machined in the bottom of the block to hold the crankshaft.
main bearing bores
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The split between the ends of a piston ring is called _____.
ring gap
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Explain the purpose of an automotive engine’s crank damper.
A crank damper prevents crankshaft vibration and damage.
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What is this?
Valve Lifter
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What is this?
Crank shaft
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Piston _____ is the distance the piston slides up or down from TDC/BDC.
Stroke
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What is this?
Rocker Arm
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The valve _____ is a long shaft extending out of the valve head.
stem
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The engine _____ forms the main body of the engine.
Block
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Explain the function of valve seals.
Valve seals prevent oil from entering the combustion chambers through the valve guides
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The _____ provides a mounting place for the camshaft drive mechanism, front damper, and fan belt pulleys.
crankshaft snout
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_____ are coolant passages through the block that allow a solution of water and antifreeze to cool the cylinders.
Water Jacket
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What is this?
Crank Damper
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What is this?
Push Rods
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Name the four strokes of an automotive engine.
Intake, Compression, Power, Exhaust
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What is this?
Piston
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A(n) _____ usually rides on the cam lobes and transfers motion to the rest of the valve train.
valve lifter
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The _____ route air or air and fuel into the combustion chambers.
intake ports
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Engine main bearings are inserts that fit between the block main bore and crankshaft _____.
main journals
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_____ bolt to the bottom of the block and hold the crankshaft and main bearing inserts in place.
Main caps
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The _____ are large, round holes machined through the block from top to bottom.
Cylinders
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The crankshaft must rotate _____ complete revolutions to complete the four-stroke cycle.
Two
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Piston _____ must keep combustion pressure from entering the crankcase and must also keep _____ out of the combust
rings, oil
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What is this?
Camshaft
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A(n) _____ is needed to turn the camshaft at one-half engine speed.
camshaft drive
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_____ are small pockets formed in the cylinder heads.
combustion chambers
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What is the purpose of crankshaft counterweights?
Crankshaft counterweights prevent engine vibration.
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What is this?
Engine Block
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An engine’s rear main _____ can be a one- or two-piece seal.
oil seal
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