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Acids, Bases, and Salts
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Metals form oxides that are solids. If they dissolve in water, these oxides give _______ solutions.
alkaline
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What does "pH" actually stand for, anyway?!?!
The German "potenz H(ydrogen)", which means the power of the hydrogen-ion concentration.
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Alkalis turn litmus paper ______.
blue
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Non-metals generally form _______ oxides that dissolve in water to form _______ solutions.
acidic
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What adjective means "can eat through material"
corrosive
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What kind of acid is in the atmosphere of Venus?
sulphuric acid (due to volcanic activity)
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Acids turn litmus paper _____.
red
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A substance contains an excess of OH- ions. What is its pH?
It is alkaline, so it is higher than 7.
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Acids have a pH of _____ than __.
less than 7
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The more acidic the solution, the ______ the pH.
lower
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What is the most accurate method to measure pH?
Use a pH meter which uses an electrode to measure pH electrically.
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Name a pH indicator other than litmus or Universal Indicator.
methyl orange or phenolphthalein (also hydrangea flowers, turmeric, and anthocyanins)
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What adjective is the opposite of "dilute"?
concentrated
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Universal Indicator is green in the presence of a substance. What does this indicate?
The substance is neutral.
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What adjective is the opposite of "concentrated"?
dilute
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What acid is present in vinegar?
acetic acid (ethanoic acid)
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How can we use litmus paper to test the pH of gases?
The litmus paper must be damp.
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A substance turns the Universal Indicator bright red. What does this "indicate"?
It is very acidic.
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Which acid is present in orange juice?
citric acid
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What is an OH- ion called?
a hydroxide ion
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Give an exception to the rule that "Oxides of non-metals are acidic oxides."
Water. It can be considered hydrogen oxide and a neutral oxide.
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A substance contains an excess of H+ ions. What is its pH?
It is acidic, so it is lower than 7.
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The acidic oxides of sulfur, phosphorus, and carbon produce acids when dissolved in water. When pure, they are ________ molecules.
covalent
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Alkalis have a pH _________ than __.
greater than 7
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