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Introduction to Electricity Unit 7
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This occurs when the battery's negative terminal is connected to the anode, and the positive terminal to the cathode. In this case, the diode acts as an insulators, and does not allow the current to flow
Reverse Polarization
This occurs when the battery's positive terminal is connected to the anode, and the negative terminal to the cathode. In this case, the diode acts as a conductors, and allows the electrical current to flow
Direct polarization
It is a type of diode that can generate light. This will allow current to flow through it when it has direct polarization.
LED (Light emitting diode)
they are used in alamrs, cicuit opening and closing controls, motion detectors, etc.
LDR (Light dependent resistor)
It is a variable resistor in which the resistance value can be varied between zero and a maximum value, by turning a knob or by sliding a movable contact.
Potentiometers
These components are used in circuits to regulate the electrical current.
Variable resistors
This type of resistos is used to limit the amount of current that flows through a circuit, and also to divide the cicuit's voltage
ceramic resistors
What are the two essential components of a relay
bobbin and contacts
It is an electromagnetic elements that is used to open and close electrical cicuits.
a relay
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An electric heater draws 3.5 A from a 110 V source. The resistance of the heat element is approximately
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They are used to build circuits to perform control actions
Eletrical and electronic components
These are made with semiconducting materials and are responsible for controlling and amplifying signals.
Active components
These are used to connect active components and to modify signals.
Passive Components
The standard unit of measure used for electric power.
Watt
The standard unit of measure for electric potential (voltage).
Volt
A semiconductor device used in an electric circuit to regulate current flow to act as a gate, switch, or amplifier for electronic signals.
Transistor
An electrical component that transfers electrical energy using inductive coupling between two winding circuits.
Transformer
A material that behaves between a conductor and an insulator depending on the conditions.
Semiconductor
A basic electronic component that prevents the flow of electric current.
Resistor
A law of physics that describes the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance using the equation V = IR.
Ohm's Law
The standard unit of measure for resistance.
Ohm
A material in which an electronic charge does not flow freely and does not conduct the flow of electric current
Insulator
A basic passive electrical component that resists changes in electric current. They are generally made by winding or coiling a wire, sometimes around a magnetic core. The unit of measure is the Henry.
Inductors
A basic subatomic particle found in all atoms, they carry electricity by flowing from one atom to the next in a conductive material.
Electrons
The interaction between magnetic fields and electric currents.
Electromagnetism
It is the difference in electrical charge between two points in a circuit. It is also called the voltage.
Electric potential
It is the flow of electric charge through a material. The standard unit is the ampere.
Electric current
It's a collection of electronic components connected by a conductive wire that allows for electric current to flow.
Electric circuit
This is a basic characteristic of matter that is based on the balance of protons (positive charge) and electrons (negative charge). The standard unit is the coulomb
Electric charge
A type of current that only flows in one direction (unlike AC which periodically reverses direction).
Direct current (DC)
It is formed from the union of two semiconductors, one of type P called the anode and another of type N called cathode
Diode
A law of physics that describes the electrostatic interaction between charged particles.
Coulomb's law
It's a material that allows the free flow of electric charge.
Conductor
A basic electrical component that stores electric charge. They are made from two electrical conductors separated by an insulator.
Capacitor
A device that stores and produces electricity from chemical cells.
Battery
An electric current that reverses direction on a periodic basis. It is widely used to transport power on power lines
Alternating current (AC)
It is the standard unit of measure of electric current.
Amp or Ampere


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