This carbohydrate is found in fruits. What is it?
Fructose
This chemical is a simple sugar which is an important energy source in living organisms and is a component of many carbohydrates. What is it?
Glucose
Are these two molecules considered to be isomers?
Yes. Glucose and Fructose have the exact same number of C,H and O atoms. They are just arranged differently to produce different shapes.
What is this molecule? Can you describe it with three different terms?
This is sucrose. It is a carbohydrate. It is a disaccharide. It is the product of a reaction that chemically bonds glucose and fructose together.
Is this an anabolic of catabolic chemical reaction?
A bigger molecule is being made from two smaller ones. This is anabolism (anabolic chemical reaction)
Which chemical reaction is anabolic? Which one is catabolic? Explain.
When many glucose molecules are bonded together in the liver this the result of anabolism. When glycogen is broken down into glucose this is catabolism.
This highly branched polysaccharide allows animals to store excess glucose in their liver. What is it?
Glycogen
In terms of their chemistry, what do potatoes and wood have in common? How are they different?
Both potatoes and wood are made of carbohydrates called polysaccharides. Potatoes are made of starch. Wood is made of cellulose.
What is this chemical? What kind of polymer can be made with it?
This is the basic structure of an amino acid. Your body makes proteins from monomers known as amino acids.
A long chain of amino acids chemically bonded together is called a ____________.
polypeptide.
In proteins, what is the difference between primary and secondary structure?
If you just chemically bond single amino acids together, you get primary structure. When hydrogen bonds are added, you get secondary structure.
Can you describe four functions of proteins?
1) Enzymes that speed up chemical reactions 2) Antibodies for your immune system 3) Structure (muscles) 4) Transportation (hemoglobin)
