What were the three estates into which fuedal society was divided?
The nobility, the clergy and the peasants
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Who were the upper nobility?
Dukes, Counts, Marques, Earls, Viscounts, Barons
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Who were the lower nobility?
Knights, squires, pages
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What was the role of noblewomen?
Marry, have children, manage households.
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What type of peasants existed?
Serfs, free peasants, merchants, craftmen
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Who defeated the muslim Umayyad invaders at the battle of Poiters in 732 AD?
Charles Martel
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Who was crowned the Holy Roman Emperor in 800 AD?
Charlemagne
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After the death of Charlemagne, the Carolingian empire divided into...?
First three parts, the west, the centre and the east. Then the Kingdom of France and the Holy Roman Empire
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Who invaded feudal kingdoms during the 9th and 10th centuries?
The vikings, the Magyars and muslim raiders
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What was the royal court and who were the royal council?
The court was the monarch's household and the council helped the monarch to rule
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What limited the power of the monarchy?
Monarchs depended on nobles. Nobles had their own armies, collected taxes and effectively ruled their own territory. Kingdoms were often divided in inheritance.
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Why did monarchs grant power to the nobles?
For military assistance against invaders and to govern and protect parts of the kingdom
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What was the importance of the church in the feudal heirarchy?
The church could crown or excommunicate leaders
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What were the crusades?
The crusades were religious wars launched by the Latin Catholic church involving feudal kingdoms
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Who was self-sufficient? The monarchy, the nobles or the peasants?
The peasants (except for security)
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What happened at tournaments?
Knights competed in jousting competitions for honour and as part of their military training