Based on their Lewis structures, what is the difference in bonding between a carbon dioxide molecule and a carbonate ion?
Carbonate has a double bond & lone pair on carbon. Carbon dioxide has two double bonds.
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Covalent compounds are most known for what physical property?
Low melting/boiling points
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How many bonds does carbon like to form in covalent molecules?
4 bonds
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How many bonds does oxygen like to form in covalent molecules?
2 bonds
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How many bonds does nitrogen like to form in covalent molecules?
3 bonds
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Why do some elements "disobey" the octet rule when forming bonds in covalent compounds?
Pairing electrons can fill the d orbital(s) and thus form more bonds than allowed by the valence shell.
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What geometric shape results from a central atom that is bonded to two other atoms and has a single lone pair?
Planar trigonal
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What geometric shape results from a central atom that is bonded to a single atom and has three lone pairs?
Linear
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How do you determine the charge cloud of a molecule? What does the charge cloud of HCl look like?
Look at the lone pairs on each atom. Chlorine has three lone pairs making it more negatively charged. Hydrogen has no lone pairs, so it's positively charged.
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What is the formula for silver cyanide?
AgCN
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Name the following compound: Na2SO4
Sodium sulfate
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What is the charge on a nitrite ion? What ion would bond to one nitrite ion? What's the formula
Charge: -1. Ex. Na+ : NaNO2
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What is the charge of iron in FeCl2? What's the name of this compound?
Charge: +2. Iron(II) chloride
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What ions are released by acids and bases respectively?