Briefly explain the differences between the Girondins and Jacobins
The Girondins were moderate Republicans; the Jacobins were radical revolutionaries that established a dictatorship and ruled during the Reign of Terror
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What was the Reign of Terror?
A ten-month period of violent suppression in 1973 in France. Nearly 50,000 people were executed during this time.
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Name at least 3 symbols of the French Revolution
The Phrygian cap, the cock, Marianne, La Marsellaise, tricolor flag, the guillotine
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In what year did the Spanish War of Independence begin?
1808
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What was the Congress of VIenna of 1814?
A meeting of great European powers in an attempt to ensure peace and avoid new revolutions
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Which countries formed the Holy Alliance in 1814?
originally Prussia, Russia and Austria, and later Britain and France
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What were the principles behind the COnservative Order?
An attempt by the great European Powers to re-establish tradition, order and obedience to authority through Monarchy, internationalism and congresses
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What was the motto of the French Revolution?
Liberté, egalité, fraternité
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What does Liberté, egalité, fraternité mean?
Liberty, equality, brotherhood
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True or false: Liberalism and national movements were part of the COnservative Order.
False, they challenged it.
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Who was Giuseppe Verdi and what role did he play in the unification of Italy?
An Italian composer; his opera Nabucco became a symbol of unification
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Around 1860 in Italy, who were the red shirts?
The revolutionary forces of Giuseppe Garibaldi who helped take control of Naples and Sicily
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Who were the main figures of Italian unification?
King Vittorio EManuele I, Prime Minister Cavour, Giuseppe Garibaldi and Giuseppe Verdi
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Who were the main figures of German unification?
King Wihelm I of Prussia and Bismark
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The word "Reich" in German means ___
Empire
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What was the German COnfederation?
As association of 39 independent states in the German territory
