Epilepsy is defined as _______.
The International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) has defined epilepsy as at least two unprovoked seizures occurring more than 24 hours apart
Name 5 causes of a seizure.
Cerebrovascular disease Hypoxemia, Fever, Head injury, HTN, CNS infections, Brain tumor, drug/alcohol w/d, allergies
During a seizure, the nurse should restrain the patient to ensure the patient's safety. True or False
False- Never restrain a patient during a seizure. Can cause further injury.
You are caring for a woman of child bearing age that has epilepsy. What 2 main education points do you need to hit?
Epilepsy in the mother puts the fetus at greater risk for malformations. Effectiveness of oral contraceptives is decreased in women taking anticonvulsant meds
A vagal nerve stimulator is used for treatment of seizures. This device does not prevent seizures, but does diminish the severity of the seizure. True or False?
True
What are the 4 stages of a seizure?
Prodromal, Aura, Ictal, Post-Ictal
Describe Status Epilepticus
Medical Emergency, Acute prolonged activity. series of seizures without full recovery in between
Phenobarbital is safe to take in pregnancy. True to False
False
What are the 3 main medications that can be given during status epilepticus?
IV diazepam, lorazepam, fosphenytoin
Valproate is safe for those with renal failure. True or False
False- use caution
Carbamazepine should be taken with food to avoid GI upset. True or False?
True
If the patient is not tolerating Gabapentin, they should stop the medication and inform their provider. True or False?
False- should not be stopped suddenly
