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You are caring for a patient with severe pain and a respiratory rate of 32 breaths/min. The normal respiration rate for an adult at rest is 12 to 20 bpm. Which acid-base imbalance would your expect to find with sustained tachypnea?
respiratory alkolosis
A patient is in metabolic acidosis d/t diabetic ketoacidosis. which signs S/S would you expect to see in this patient?
high Blood glucose, kusshmaul's breathing, disoriented
You are caring for a patient with type I diabetes and a serum BG of 450 mg/dL. What pH would you see on an ABG?
below 7.35
Diabetic ketoacidosis, renal failure and aspirin toxicity can result in
metabolic acidosis
A patient has the following arterial blood gases: pH = 7.50 HCO3 = 38 mEq/L PaCO2 = 50 mmHg. What sign/symptom might this patient exhibit as a compensatory mechanism?
hypoventilation
A person is brought to the ER after passing out in a local department store. The person has been fasting and has ketones in the urine. The person has the following ABGs: pH = 7.34 PaCO2 = 43 mmHg HCO3 = 21. What is their ABG related illness
uncompensated metabolic acidosis
The ureters move urine from the pelvis to the urinary bladder by a process called ___________________
peristalsis
Blood flow through both kidneys is about ______________________. Means that all the blood passes through the kidneys every 4-5 minutes
1200 mL/min
Type of cotransport mechanism that move two or more substrates in opposite directions across the membrane.
antiport
Part of the nephron that functions in the reabsorption of NaCl and water and contains a descending and ascending limb. More specifically it contains Na+/K+/2Cl- channels (NKCC).
loop of henle
In the process of Tubuloglomerular feedback, as GFR decreases, ATP release from macular densa cells decreases, causing __________of the afferent arterioles
vasodilation
Term for the extensions of the peritubular capillaries that are long vessels that parallel the loops of Henle of the nephrons
vasa recta
Aquaporins are put into the apical membrane of what specific cells in response to ADH?
principle cells
Category of diuretics that block the reabsorption of Na+ of the ascending end of loop of Henle. More specifically it blocks the Na+/K+/2Cl- channels (NKCC) which are cotransporter (symporter) channels in the apical cells membrane.
loop diuretics
Name the of the nitrogenous waste products that are breakdown of purines.
uric acid
the _________ maintain the hypertonicity of the renal medulla by a mechanism known as countercurrent exchange
vasa recta
