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What is the sensitization phase in allergic contact dermatitis?
Haptens penetrate epidermis->activate langerhan cells->lymph nodes->activate naive T cells
What is the elicitation phase in allergic contact dermatitis?
Re-exposure to haptens->type IV hypersensitivity reaction-> sensitized Tcells circulate to skin where antigen is
What is a hapten?
low molecular weight antigen
Define type IV Hypersensitivity reaction
delayed cell-mediated immune reaction; involves T cells (CD4 or CD8) with antigens
Define Type I hypersensitivity reaction
reaction mediated by IgE antibodies.
Define Type II hypersensitivity reaction
cytotoxic reaction mediated by IgG or IgM antibodies
Define Type III hypersensitivity reaction
reaction mediated by immune complexes
What caused the bullae to develop in Toxicodendron Dermatitis?
CD8 T cells caused keratinocyte apoptosis->loss cellular adhesion->spongiosis->papule->bullae/vesicle
In Toxicodendron Dermatitis, does the fluid within a bullae contain urushiol?
No.
What is the most common cause of contact dermatitis?
Toxicodendron dermatitis
how are antihistamines effective and ineffective in treating Toxicodendron dermatitis?
They can provide relief from pruritis but it does not resolve rash.
What type of hypersensitivity reaction is Toxicodendron dermatitis?
Type IV hypersensitivity
Why is an oatmeal bath a good treatment for Toxicodendron dermatitis?
Colloidal oatmeal binds to your skin and forms a protective barrier; helps hold in moisture and ease inflammation
Describe an urticarial lesion
wheals/hives - migratory, elevated, pruritic, reddish plaques caused by local dermal edema.
What type of medication can suppress the immune system of someone with Toxicodendron dermatitis?
Systemic Corticosteriods
What can early withdrawal of steroid therapy lead to with Toxicodendron dermatitis?
recrudescence of the lesions.
