Chapter 15- The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance | Baamboozle - Baamboozle

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The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

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What is the chromosome theory of inheritance?

Mendelian genes have specific loci (positions) on chromosomes. Chromosomes undergo segregation and independent assortment

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Explain the wild type phentoype.

The phenotype for a character most commonly observed in natural populations.

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Explain mutant phenotypes in a population.

Traits that are alternatives to the wild type suggesting mutations in the alleles over time.

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Sex-linked gene

A gene located on either sex chromosome.

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Genes found of the X chromosome.

X-linked genes

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Give an example of an X-linked gene.

Color blindness, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, Hemophilia

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What is a Barr body?

The inactive X in each cell of a female condenses into a Barr body.

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X-linked recessive disorders are much more common in ______ than in _______.

males, females

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In mammalian females, one of the two X chromosomes in each cell is randomly ____________during embryonic development

inactivated

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Each chromosome has______________ or ___________ of genes (except the Y chromosome)

hundreds or thousands

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Genes located on the same chromosome that tend to be inherited together are called ____________________

Linked Genes

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Offspring with nonparental phenotypes (new combinations of traits) are called

recombinant types, or recombinants

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A______ frequency of recombination is observed for any two genes on different chromosomes

50%

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Genes that are far apart on the same chromosome can have a recombination frequency near ____

50%

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In ____________________, pairs of homologous chromosomes do not separate normally during meiosis As a result, one gamete receives two of the same type of chromosome, and another gamete receives no copy

nondisjunction

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_______________ results from the fertilization of gametes in which nondisjunction occurred. Offspring with this condition have an abnormal number of a particular chromosome

Aneuploidy

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