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Regarded as the first to recognize the full potential of a "computing machine" and one of the first computer programmers.
Ada Lovelace (1815–1852) English mathematician and writer
Discovered the world's largest niobium ore (pyrochlore) mine, in Minas Gerais. Used mostly in steel alloys, niobium enhances the strength of the steel. Also described four new minerals: eschwegite, arrojadite, pennaite, and giannettite.
Djalma Guimarães (1894–1973) Brazilian geochemist
Conducted pioneer research on radioactivity and discovered two elements: polonium and radium. First woman to win the Nobel Prize; the only woman to win it twice.
Marie Curie (1867–1934) Polish physicist and chemist
Co-created the concept of Négritude, an important intellectual movement that sought to assert and to valorise what they believed to be distinctive African characteristics, values, and aesthetics.
Léopold Senghor (1906–2001) Senegalese poet, politician, and cultural theorist
Specialized in Amazonian issues, focused research on environmental conditions caused by human occupation and devastation.
Bertha Becker (1930–2013) Brazilian geographer
Created the first phonograph and the long-lasting, practical electric light bulb.
Thomas Edison (1815–1852) American inventor and businessman
Pioneered research on emotional relations between patients and animals. Also created the "Casa das Palmeiras", a clinic for former patients of psychiatric institutions, where they could freely express their art.
Nise da Silveira (1905–1999) Brazilian psychiatrist
Developed the first successful vaccine (1796): the smallpox vaccine.
Edward Jenner (1749–1823) English physician
The first black woman to travel in space (Space Shuttle Endeavour), which orbited the Earth for nearly eight days in September 1992. Through a Foundation for Excellence, runs the project ‘The Earth We Share’, a science camp for students age
Mae Jemison (1956-present) American engineer, physician, and former NASA astronaut
One of the founders of the field of cognitive science, changed the arena of linguistics by assuming language as a uniquely human, biologically based cognitive capacity, that is: suggesting that innate traits in the human brain give birth to
Noam Chomsky (1928-present) American linguist, political activist, and philosopher
