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What is the difference between atomic number and mass number?
Atomic number = how many protons an element has, mass number = neutrons + protons
What is the difference between cation and anion?
Loss of electrons = cation, gaining of electrons = anion
How many electrons fit into the first, second, and third electron shells?
2,8,18
Why do atoms form bonds?
To gain a stable arrangement of electrons
Explain the ionic bond
Bond formed between ions of opposite charges (usually metal and non-metal)
What is a covalent bond?
Two non metals share their electrons
Why do non-metals tend to form covalent bonds?
They have similiar electronnegativities, neither is strong enough to attract electrons from the other
Where non-metals located in the periodic table?
Right side, last-three columns
What do elements in the same column of a periodic table have in common
They have the same number of valence electrons
What is a giant covalent structure
Three dimensional structure of atoms made by covalent bonds
Describe the bonds find in a water molecule
One oxygen atom forming two covalent bonds with two oxygen atoms
What is the difference between a mixture and a chemical change?
In a chemical change, new substances are formed
Atoms that have an electric charge due to gain or loss of electrons are called _______
ions
water (H2O) is a covalent compound or ionic compound
covalent
carbon dioxide (CO2) covalent or ionic
covalent
salt (NaCl) ionic or covalent?
ionic
