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What are the horizontal rows of the Periodic Table called?
period(s)
What are the vertical columns of the Periodic Table called?
group(s)/ family(families)
What does the period that an element is in tell you about its atomic structure?
the number of energy levels
What does the group/family that an element is in tell you about its atomic structure?
the number of valence electrons (electrons in the outermost energy level/shell)
How many valence electrons does an oxygen atom have?
6
How many valence electrons does a magnesium atom have?
2
How many energy levels does an aluminum atom have?
3
What are valence electrons?
electrons in the outermost energy level/shell
With the exception of helium, how many valence electrons do all noble gas elements have?
8
With the exception of hydrogen, helium, lithium, beryllium and boron, how many valence electrons do atoms need to be stable?
8 (octet)
True or False: Atoms can lose or gain electrons to obtain a full set of 8 valence electrons (an octet).
True
True or False: Metals tend to lose (give away) valence electrons to form stable ions.
True
True or False: Nonmetals tend to gain valence electrons to form stable ions.
True
Atomic radius (increases or decreases) as you move down a group/family and (increases or decreases) as you move across a period from left to right.
Atomic radius INCREASES as you move down a group/family and DECREASES as you move across a period from left to right.
Electronegativity (increases or decreases) as you move down a group/family and (increases or decreases) as you move across a period from left to right.
Electronegativity DECREASES as you move down a group/family and INCREASES as you move across a period from left to right.
Ionization energy (increases or decreases) as you move down a group/family and (increases or decreases) as you move across a period from left to right.
Ionization energy DECREASES as you move down a group/family and INCREASES as you move across a period from left to right.
