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What is homeostasis?
The active process of keeping the internal environment constant.
A part of the brain called __________ is at the centre on the control mechanism that keeps internal temperature constant.
hypothalamus
If your body temperature falls below 37 degree C, nerve impulses from the hypothalamus cause the following things to happen like _______________________ (hairs) and _________________________((arterioles).
hairs erect to trap a layer of warm air which insulate it and arterioles constrict so not much blood flows through them, thus conserving heat
The process of stopping the actions taking place and starts off another set of actions.
negative feedback
these groups of cells are scattered through the pancreas to make two hormones.
islets of Langerhans
The condition of having high glucose concentration in the blood.
hyperglycemia
What is type 1 diabetes?
a disease caused by the death of the cells that secrete insulin, as a result from the body's own immune system attacking and destroying the cells.
How does glucagon work?
Glucagon's role in the body is to prevent blood glucose levels dropping too low. To do this, it acts on the liver in several ways: It stimulates the conversion
How does the central nervous system and the thermoreceptors coordinate in coping with heat gain?
When the external temperature rises above normal levels, thermoreceptors within the skin send signals to the hypothalamus in the brain. The hypothalamus is
Explain the difference between vasoconstriction and vasodilation.
Vasoconstriction is the constriction/ contraction of smooth muscles in the arteriole walls. It decreases in size, reducing blood flow.
____________________ is the relaxation of smooth muscles in the arteriole walls. It increases the diameter of the blood vessels, increasing blood flow.
vasodilation
___________ are coiled tubes that secrete sweat through a sweat duct.
Sweat glands
Secreted sweat contains ______________, _____________ and small amount of ____________.
water, salts and urea.
What are the 2 layers of skin?
epidermis and dermis
What is found beneath the skin layer that serves as insulation and padding?
adipose tissue/ fats
How is heat removed from our body?
Through evaporation of sweat
