What were the Crusades?
A series of eight major (and several minor) military and religious wars in which Catholic Europeans attacked Muslims in the Holy Land (especially Jerusalem).
What happened in the First Crusade?
The Crusader armies defeated the Muslim Seljuk Turks (and the Fatimid Caliphate) in several major battles and sieges, recaptured the Holy Land, Crusader States.
What happened in the Second Crusade?
The Turks under Saladin defeated the Christian Crusaders, taking Jerusalem and much of the territory of the Crusader States.
What happened in the Third Crusade?
Three kings (Barbarossa, Richard the Lionheart, & Philip II) took back some territory, but failed to retake Jerusalem.
What was the Great Schism of AD 1054?
The division of the Western, Latin, Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern, Greek Orthodox Church.
Who's this and how's he related to the Fourth Crusade?
Pope Innocent III, called for it, excommunicated Crusaders, tried to keep them on task, was interested in bringing the Eastern Church under the papacy.
What were the Italian Maritime Republics?
(1) from Italy (region/country); (2) related to or next to the sea; (3) type of government with elected leaders and a senate.
Who's this and how's he related to the Fourth Crusade?
Dandolo, Doge of Venice; built fleet of ships for Crusaders, had them sack Zara when they couldn't pay, got the rest of his money from sack of Constantinople.
Who's this and how's he related to the Fourth Crusade?
Alexios IV Angelos; deposed Emperor of the Byzantine Empire; bribed the Crusaders to restore his throne, couldn't make good on his promises, was assassinated.
What happened in the Fourth Crusade?
Wow, you really know your stuff! / Sorry, we were looking for...
