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What new technology improved navigation and made longer overseas voyages possible?
better ships, better maps, astrolabe, magnetic compass
What sparked European interest in overseas exploration?
desire for goods from Asia
What is the Columbian Exchange?
the transfer of plants and animals between the Old and New worlds
How did European exploration impact the Native Americans?
many natives died from diseases to which they lacked immunity
How did the conquistadors treat the natives?
they enslaved them and forced them to farm and mine for gold
How did many Europeans view the Native Americans?
as inferior
What did Europeans do when the Native Americans died from diseases?
imported slaves from Africa
What was triangular trade?
trade that linked North America, Europe and Africa
What was the Middle Passage?
the route across the Atlantic Ocean that brought enslaved Africans to North America
What is mercantilism?
the belief that a nation's power is based on its wealth
Who benefits from the relationship between the mother country and the colonies?
the mother country
What is meant by the term favorable balance of trade?
a country exports (sells) more than it imports (buys)
What is meant by the term Northwest Passage?
a water route through North America to Asia
Why did the Dutch establish a colony in NY?
the Hudson River - trade, transportation, fertile soil, plentiful natural resources
What part of North America was explored and claimed by the Spanish?
the SW from California to Texas, and Florida
What part of North America was explored and claimed by the Spanish?
the SW from California to Texas, and Florida
