T/F: Community corrections are more expensive than institutional corrections
False
15
What is the RNR model? What does it do?
Risk, needs, & responsivity- used as a way to help the offenders become better people
15
T/F: Generally, the more heinous and serious a crime is, the more money it will cost in order to punish the individual
True
15
T/F: More people are on parole than are on probation
False
15
Who created the system of probation?
Augustus
15
Who created the system of parole?
Manonochie
15
Approximately how many people are on probation?
1, 2, 3, or 4 million?
4 million people are on probation
15
About 1/3 of probationers return to prison due to _______ violations
Technical
15
What is discretionary release?
An inmate is released earlier than the end of their sentence, but they are supervised
15
What is recidivism?
Re-arrest, re-conviction, returning to prison, or committing a new crime after being sanctioned previously
15
T/F: Recidivism occurs more often with mandatory release individuals than those on probation/parole
True
15
Who works on the "front end" of the criminal justice system since they divert offenders away from jail & prison? In contrast, who works on the "back end" to prevent/reduce recidivism?
Probation officers - parole officers
15
Describe what intermediate sanctions are; give some examples
Less restrictive than incarceration, harsher than probation. Exs: house arrest, electronic monitoring, community service, etc.
15
T/F: Intermediate sanctions are less expensive than traditional probation and have more positive results regarding recidivism as well
False; mixed results with recidivism & can be more expensive too
15
What is restorative justice?
View incarceration as harmful, heal community, bring peace to the victim, treat the offender. Avoids stigmatizing the offender after their release
15
What is one area that often uses restorative justice?
