___________ destroys all viable organisms including viruses.
Sterilization
10
___________ mechanically removes microorganisms, reducing contamination to safe levels.
Sanitization
10
A(n) _______ is a chemical that destroys bacteria except for those in the endospore stage.
bacteriocide
10
Scrubbing or immersing the skin in chemicals to reduce the numbers of microbes on the skin is called
antisepsis.
10
The shortest time required to kill all the microbes in a sample at a specified temperature is called the
thermal death time.
10
The lowest temperature needed to kill all microbes in ten minutes is the
thermal death point.
10
Which of the following microbial forms have the highest resistance to physical and chemical controls?
bacterial endospores
10
Surfactants work by disrupting the
membrane integrity.
10
_______ heat is more rapidly effective and efficient compared to ________ heat.
Moist, dry
10
Some microbial control agents are able to ___________ cell proteins by breaking bonds that maintain the native state (three-dimensional configuration) of the proteins.
denature
10
What instrument is most effective for pressure-temperature sterilization?
autoclave
10
HEPA filters are used to remove microbes from
air.
10
_______________ is a control method that mechanically removes microorganisms rather than inhibiting or killing them.
Filtration
10
Microbial death is is measured when the population is unable to grow under
ideal growth conditions.
10
Chemicals that are antimicrobial and contain fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine are
halogen compounds.
10
Heavy metals that control microbial growth include
