What is positive face?
Positive Face refers to our need to be accepted and liked by others and our need to feel that our social group shares common goals
What is negative face?
Negative Face refers to our right to independence of action and our need not to be imposed on by others
It seems that we have to leave now."
Negative politeness strategy - Impersonalize S and H/ Hedging
"Poor Mai. I heard that the English final exam of your university - ULIS is very challenging."
Positive politeness strategy - Give sympathy to Hearer
"Parking on the double yellow line is illegal, so I’m going to give you a fine."
Negative politeness strategy - State the FTA as a general rule
"OK, let’s buy some food for dinner."
Positive politeness strategy - Include both S & H in the activity
"Hey, mate, can you lend me a dollar?"
Positive politeness strategy - Use in-group solidarity markers (honey, luv, mate, pal, buddy, bro, guys, cutie, fellas, etc)
"I don’t suppose you’d like to go to the movies with us."
Negative politeness strategy - Be pessimistic
"That’s a nice haircut you got. Where did you get it?"
Positive politeness strategy - Notice, attend to Hearer (interests, wants, needs, goods)
