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Rank the speed of movement of particles in a solid, liquid and gas
Fastest: gas, liquid, solid
__________ + _____________ = a solution
Solvent + Solute
Universal Solvent
Water
Scientific word for "spreading out through the air"
Diffusion
Diffusion is the net movement from a _________ concentration to a __________ concentration
High, low
Give an example of diffusion in plants
CO2 diffuses into the stomata d/t low [CO2] inside the leaf and high [CO2] outside
O2 diffuses out of the stomata
Cell membranes are freely permeable to ________ and ________
Oxygen and CO2
Particles move ____________ concentration gradients (up or down)
Down
What is a dilute solution
Large amount of solvent
What is a concentrated solution
Large amount of solute
What is Osmosis
Diffusion of water molecules in a situation where water can pass through a partially permeable membrane but solute cannot
A dilute solution has a _______ water potential
High
A concentrated solution has a ______ water potential
Low
What happens if you put an animal cell in pure water? Explain
The cell will burst. The water will move by osmosis into the animal cell and the cell will burst because animal cells do not have cell walls
What would happen if you put an animal cell in a concentrated sugar solution?
The Animal cell would shrivel up because the water would leave the animal cell via osmosis and the cytoplasm would shrink
Rather than bursting in pure water a plant cell becomes turgid. Explain
The cytoplasm presses out against the cell membrane (like in an animal cell) but the cell wall prevents the cell from bursting. Instead it blows up like a tire
