Describe the chemiosmotic model for ATP generation.
oxidated protons (H+) build up the proton motive force that turns ATP synthase like a turbine which pulls H+ through and phosphorylates ADP(+P) to ATP
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15
Describe the mechanism of enzymatic action.
enzyme attracts substrates to its active site, catalyzes the chemical reaction by which products are formed, and then allows the products to dissociate
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15
How are oxidative phosphorylation and photophosphorylation similar?
a membrane associated electron transport chain. creation of a proton gradient. harvesting energy of the proton gradient by making ATP with ATP synthase
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15
What is the purpose of metabolic pathways?
chemical reactions in a cell that build and breakdown molecules for cellular processes;maintain cells energy balance
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What is feedback inhibition?
metabolic control in which the end product of a metabolic pathway acts as an inhibitor of an enzyme within that pathway
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25
Is feedback inhibition competitive or non competitive?
noncompetitive Because the active site is not used for attachment of the inhibitor. The inhibitor instead attaches to the allosteric site
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15
Compare and contrast cyclic and noncyclic photophosphorylation
they are both light dependent, have ETC; cyclic-only P1 is used, no H2O splitting, E- come from Light, non-cyclic makes O2, ATP, by spitting H2O and chemiosmosi
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15
What are the end-products of lipid and protein catabolism?
glycerol, fatty acid, acetyl coa, amino acids
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15
How is ATP an intermediate between catabolism and anabolism?
Catabolic reactions are coupled to produce energy to attach a phosphate to ADP and make ATP. anabolic reactions require the energy from the ATP's phosphate bond
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10
Describe the major types of anabolism and their relationship to catabolism.
Carbs, lipids, protiens nucleotides being built up by anabolism- catabolism is the breakdown of chemicals to provide energy and building blocks for anabolism.
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5
What do chemoheterotrophs use as their energy source
use complex organic molecules as their carbon and energy sources.
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15
List the factors that influence enzymatic activity.
temperature, pH, enzyme concentration, substrate concentration, and the presence of any inhibitors or activators.
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15
Distinguish competitive and noncompetitive inhibition.
competitive-binds to active site competing with substrate, reducing rate of rxn, non-Prevent substrate from bonding by changing the shape of all active sites