Describe the major types of anabolism and their relationship to catabolism.
Carbs, lipids, protiens nucleotides being built up by anabolism- catabolism is the breakdown of chemicals to provide energy and building blocks for anabolism.
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15
Distinguish competitive and noncompetitive inhibition.
competitive-binds to active site competing with substrate, reducing rate of rxn, non-Prevent substrate from bonding by changing the shape of all active sites
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15
What is the purpose of metabolic pathways?
chemical reactions in a cell that build and breakdown molecules for cellular processes;maintain cells energy balance
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15
What are the principal products of the Krebs cycle?
Net - per 2 acetyl CoA- 4 CO2, 6 NADH, 2 FADH2, 2 ATP are by substrate- level phosphorylation
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15
What is a ribozyme?
enzymatic RNA molecules that cut and splice RNA in eukaryotic cells.
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15
List four compounds that can be made from pyruvic acid by an organism that uses fermentation.
enzyme attracts substrates to its active site, catalyzes the chemical reaction by which products are formed, and then allows the products to dissociate
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15
Compare and contrast cyclic and noncyclic photophosphorylation
they are both light dependent, have ETC; cyclic-only P1 is used, no H2O splitting, E- come from Light, non-cyclic makes O2, ATP, by spitting H2O and chemiosmosi
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20
Almost all medically important microbes belong to which of the four groups (photoautotrophs, photoheterotrophs, chemoautotrophs, chemoheterotrophs)?
chemoheterotrophs
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20
What is made during the light-dependent reactions?
energy from the sun and break down water molecules to produce ATP and NADPH Each water molecule breaks down into two hydrogen (H) atoms and one oxygen (O) atom.
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15
What is feedback inhibition?
metabolic control in which the end product of a metabolic pathway acts as an inhibitor of an enzyme within that pathway
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How do photoheterotrophs produce energy
use light as an energy source and an organic compound for their carbon source and electron donor.
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What does a cell need to produce energy
an electron donor (organic or inorganic), a system of electron carriers, and a final electron acceptor (organic or inorganic)