Explain the difference between active and passive transport
Passive transport: does not require ATP, happens "passively". Active transport: requires ATP or some energy source
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15
What type of bond holds amino acids together?
peptide bonds
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25
List the different three components of the cytoskeleton
actin filaments, microtubules, and intermediate filaments.
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15
What is apoptosis?
Programmed cell death
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15
DNA sequence to which RNA polymerase and associated factors bind and initiate transcription.
Promoter
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15
What is the final electron acceptor in the ETC
Oxygen
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15
Three consecutive nucleotides in mRNA that specify the insertion of an amino acid
Codon
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25
What are the three important disaccharides?
maltose, lactose, fructose
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15
What is a phosphorylase?
an enzyme which introduces a phosphate group into an organic molecule
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15
Fats are made of an alcohol called __________ and three __________ _________ chains. This is known as a ____________.
glycerol, fatty acids, tricglyceride
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25
Describe the different type of cell junctions
tight seals to prevent leaks(tight), allow movement of molecules between neighboring cells(gap), keep neighboring cells attached to eachother(desmosome/anchor)
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15
Explain the difference between substrate level phosphorylation and oxidative phosphorylation
Substrate level: synthesis of ATP from substrate to ADP (glycolysis+krebs). Ox Phos: Uses O2 to oxidize NADH in order to generate ATP
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15
Amino acids are linked together to make proteins by removing a molecule of ________ in a process called ____________.