Explain how motor and sensory abnormalities can provoke symptoms of IBS.
Visceral hypersensitivity (distention); Visceral mesenteric nerves respond to distention and serotonin&bradykinin; histamine activates pain fibers
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10
How is Metabolic Syndrome defined and how does it relate to Diabetes Mellitus Type II?
Met Synd: obesity, HTN, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, hypocholesteremia; Inc. risk of insulin resistance, lipotoxicity--> DM-II
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10
Compare/contrast normal pancreatic enzyme function to pancreatitis.
trypsin --> activates zymogens prematurely (in pancreas instead of in stomach)--> autodigestion of the pancreas-> high amylase + lipase=pancreatitis
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10
Describe the MOA of loperamide and bismuth compounds.
Loperamide: binds peripheral mu in enteric NS--> slow colonic transit (no BBB); Bismuth: salicylate inhibits intestinal prostaglandin and Cl- secretion
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10
Differentiate between acute pancreatitis, chronic pancreatitis, and exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI).
Pancreatitis: auto-digestion; Acute: enzymes prematurely activated/ Chronic: persistent inflammation; EPI: not making pancreatic enzymes (treat w/ pancrelipase)
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10
Characterize H. pylori (structure, physiology, mode of transmission).